Newcastle University

Introduction

My role encompasses application of magnetic resonance spectroscopy to clinical medicine, metabolic research in diabetes, stable isotope analysis in the Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Unit, clinical outcome research in diabetic pregnancy, prevention of blindness by retinal screening in diabetes, teaching and provision of clinical service in diabetes, obstetric medicine and retinal screening.

Related websites:

The Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre
The Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Unit

Background

Professor of Medicine and Metabolism, University of Newcastle
Honorary Consultant Physician, Newcastle Acute Hospitals NHS Trust

Roles and Responsibilities

Director of Magnetic Resonance Centre

Honorary Consultant Physician, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Clinical Lead for Newcastle , Gateshead and Northumberland Retinal Screening Programme

Member of National Retinal Screening Committee

Qualifications

BSc, MB ChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPE

Previous Positions

Visiting Professor, Yale University, 1990-1991
First Assistant, Metabolic Medicine, Newcastle, 1984-1985
MRC Research Fellow, Newcastle, 1981-1984

Honours and Awards 

Banting Lecture - Diabetes UK 2012 

Arnold Bloom Lecture – Diabetes UK 2005

Chennai MDRF Gold Medal Oration on Diabetic Retinopathy 2005

Honyman Gillespie Lecture Edinburgh Medical School – 1992

RD Lawrence Lectureship of British Diabetic Association 1991

Albert Renold Fellowship European Association for the Study of Diabetes 1990 91

Samuel Lenard Simpson Fellowship Royal College of Physicians 1990 1991

Croom Lectureship Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 1988

Research Interests

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in vivo
Establishment of Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre
Insulin action in vivo
Metabolic abnormalities in type 2 diabetes
Screening for diabetic retinopathy

Other Expertise

Management of pregnancy in type 1 diabetes
Management of hyperemesis gravidarum

Funding

MRC and Wellcome project grants
British Diabetic Association project grant
Other charity and industry funding

Undergraduate Teaching

lectures, seminars and bedside / out-patient teaching

Postgraduate Teaching

Post-clinic discussions
lectures to PRHO's and SHO's
Lectures as part of advanced postgrad courses on Diabetes

• Taylor R. Banting Memorial Lecture 2012 Reversing the twin cycles of Type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 2013, 30(3), 267-275.
• Hallsworth K, Hollingsworth KG, Thoma C, Jakovljevic DG, MacGowan GA, Anstee QM, Taylor R, Day CP, Trenell MI. Cardiac structure and function are altered in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Hepatology 2013, (epub ahead of print).
• Thelwall PE, Smith FE, Leavitt MC, Canty D, Hu W, Hollingsworth KG, Thoma C, Trenell MI, Taylor R, Rutkowski JV, Blamire AM, Quinn AG. Hepatic Cholesteryl Ester Accumulation in Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency: Non-Invasive Identification and Treatment Monitoring by Magnetic Resonance. Journal of Hepatology 2013. In Press.
• Hallsworth K, Hollingsworth KG, Thoma C, Taylor R, Day CP, Trenell MI. Cardiac structure and function are altered in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In: 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). 2012, Barcelona, Spain: Elsevier BV.
• Hallsworth K, Hollingsworth KG, Thoma C, Taylor R, Day CP, Trenell MI. Cardiac structure and function is altered in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In: EuroPRevent: The European Society of Cardiology Congress. 2012, Dublin, Ireland.
• Hollingsworth KG, Macgowan GA, Morris L, Bates MG, Taylor R, Jones DE, Newton JL, Blamire AM. Cardiac torsion-strain relationships in fatigued primary biliary cirrhosis patients show accelerated aging: a pilot cross-sectional study. Journal of Applied Physiology 2012, 112(12), 2043-2048.
• Taylor R. Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2012, 61(4), 778-779.
• Hallsworth K, Thoma C, Moore S, Taylor R, Day CP, Trenell MI. Physical activity levels are lower in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease than matched healthy controls. In: Diabetes UK Annual Professional Conference. 2012, Glasgow, UK.
• Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Smith FE, Thelwall PE, Taylor R. Effects of raising muscle glycogen synthesis rate on skeletal muscle ATP turnover rate in type 2 diabetes. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011, 301(6), E1155-E1162.
• Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Aribisala BS, Chen MJ, Mathers JC, Taylor R. Fasting Successfully Treats Early Diabetes Type 2. Forschende Komplementaermedizin 2011, 18(6), 359-360.
• Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Smith F, Thelwall P, Taylor R. Inhibition of lipolysis in type 2 diabetes normalizes glucose disposal without change in muscle glycogen synthesis rates. Clinical Science 2011, 121(4), 169-177.
• Hallsworth K, Fattakhova G, Hollingsworth KG, Thoma C, Moore S, Day CP, Taylor R, Trenell MI. Resistance exercise improves liver fat and glucose control in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In: 47th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes (EASD). 2011, Lisbon, Portugal: EASD.
• Hallsworth K, Fattakhova G, Hollingsworth KG, Thoma C, Moore S, Taylor R, Day CP, Trenell MI. Resistance exercise reduces liver fat and its mediators in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of weight loss. Gut 2011, 60(9), 1278-1283.
• Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Aribisala BS, Chen MJ, Mathers JC, Taylor R. Reversal of type 2 diabetes: Normalisation of beta cell function in association with decreased pancreas and liver triacylglycerol. Diabetologia 2011, 54(10), 2506-2514.
• Balasubramanian R, Gerrard J, Dalla Man C, Firbank MJ, Lane A, English PT, Cobelli C, Taylor R. Combination peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and alpha agonist treatment in Type 2 diabetes prevents the beneficial pioglitazone effect on liver fat content. Diabetic Medicine 2010, 27(2), 150-156.
• Steven S, Lim EL, Taylor R. Dietary reversal of Type 2 diabetes motivated by research knowledge. Diabetic Medicine 2010, 27(6), 724-725.
• Hollingsworth KG, Newton JL, Patanwala I, Taylor R, Blamire AM, Jones DE. Impaired subendocardial myofibre in primary biliary cirrhosis. In: 61st Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2010, Boston, MA: Hepatology: Wiley-Blackwell.
• Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Thelwall PE, Taylor R. Measuring the acute effect of insulin infusion on ATP turnover rate in human skeletal muscle using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance saturation transfer spectroscopy. NMR in Biomedicine 2010, 23(8), 952-957.
• Chen MJ, Jovanovic A, Taylor R. Utilizing the Second-Meal Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: Practical Use of a Soya-Yogurt Snack. Diabetes Care 2010, 33(12), 2552-2554.
• Arun CS, Al-Bermani A, Stannard K, Taylor R. Long-term impact of retinal screening on significant diabetes-related visual impairment in the working age population. Diabetic Medicine 2009, 26(5), 489-492.
• Al-Ozairi E, Waugh JJS, Taylor R. Termination is not the treatment of choice for severe hyperemesis gravidarum: Successful management using prednisolone. Obstetric Medicine 2009, 2(1), 34-37.
• Jovanovic A, Gerrard J, Taylor R. The Second-Meal Phenomenon in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009, 32(7), 1199-1201.
• Jovanovic A, Leverton E, Solanky B, Ravikumar B, Snaar JEM, Morris PG, Taylor R. The second-meal phenomenon is associated with enhanced muscle glycogen storage in humans. Clinical Science 2009, 117(3), 119-127.
• Savage D, Zhai L, Ravikumar B, Cheol S, Snaar J, McGuire A, Wou S, Medina-Gomez G, Kim S, Bock C, Segvich D, Vidal-Puig A, Wareham N, Shulman G, Karpe F, Taylor R, Pederson B, Roach P, O'Rahilly S, DePaoli-Roach A. A prevalent variant in PPP1R3A impairs glycogen synthesis and reduces muscle glycogen content in humans and mice. PLoS Medicine 2008, 5(1), e27.
• Trenell MI, Hollingsworth KG, Lim EL, Taylor R. Increased daily walking improves lipid oxidation without changes in mitochondrial function in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008, 31(8), 1644-1649.
• Arun CS, Taylor R. Influence of pregnancy on long-term progression of retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2008, 51(6), 1041-1045.
• Fraser H, Preshaw PM, Taylor R, Weaver JU, Wassall RR. Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Health in Type 1 Diabetes Patients. In: IADR 86th General Session. 2008, Toronto: International Association for Dental Research.
• Taylor R. Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: Tracing the reverse route from cure to cause. Diabetologia 2008, 51(10), 1781-1789.
• Hollingsworth KG, Newton JL, Taylor R, McDonald C, Palmer JM, Blamire AM, Jones DEJ. Pilot Study of Peripheral Muscle Function in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Potential Implications for Fatigue Pathogenesis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2008, 6(9), 1041-1048.
• Ravikumar B, Gerrard J, Man CD, Firbank MJ, Lane A, English PT, Cobelli C, Taylor R. Pioglitazone decreases fasting and postprandial endogenous glucose production in proportion to decrease in hepatic triglyceride content. Diabetes 2008, 57(9), 2288-2295.
• Trenell MI, Hollingsworth KG, Lim EL, Taylor R. Walking improves lipid oxidation independent of changes in mitochondrial ATP synthesis in people with Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008, 31(8), 1644-1649.
• Ravikumar B, Gerrard J, English PT, Firbank MJ, Taylor R. Combination therapy with PPARgamma and PPARalpha agonists in Type 2 diabetes improves glucose and lipid metabolism independent of changes in tissue triglyceride content. Diabetic Medicine 2007, 24, 43-43.
• Al-Bermani A, Taylor R. Techniques for investigation of the eye in diabetes. In: M Roden, ed. Clinical Diabetes Research: Methods and Techniques. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2007, pp.342-366.
• Taylor R. Digami too?. Diabetologia 2006, 49(6), 1134-1137.
• Arun CS, Young D, Batey D, Shotton M, Mitchie D, Stannard KP, Taylor R. Establishing ongoing quality assurance in a retinal screening programme. Diabetic Medicine 2006, 23(6), 629-634.
• Taylor R. Handbook of Retinal Screening in Diabetes. London: Wiley-Blackwell, 2006.
• Carey PE, Gerrard J, Cline GW, Dalla Man C, English PT, Firbank MJ, Cobelli C, Taylor R. Acute inhibition of lipolysis does not affect postprandial suppression of endogenous glucose production. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2005, 289(6), E941-E947.
• Singhal P, Caumo A, Cobelli C, Taylor R. Effect of repaglinide and gliclazide on postprandial control of endogenous glucose production. Metabolism 2005, 54(1), 79-84.
• Al-Bermani A, Desha YH, Morgan J, Soobrah R, Symonds CS, Taylor R. Management of incidental hyperglycaemia in acute medical emergencies. Diabetic Medicine 2005, 22(7), 937-941.
• Ravikumar B, Carey PE, Snaar JEM, Deelchand DK, Cook DB, Neely RDG, English PT, Firbank MJ, Morris PG, Taylor R. Real-time assessment of postprandial fat storage in liver and skeletal muscle in health and type 2 diabetes. American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism 2005, 288(4), E789-E797.
• Taylor R. Causation of Type 2 Diabetes - The Gordian Knot Unravels. New England Journal of Medicine 2004, 350(7), 639-641.
• Basu A, Dillon RDS, Marshall SM, Taylor R, Davison JM. Is normalisation of serum potassium and magnesium always necessary in Gitelman Syndrome for a successful obstetric outcome?. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2004, 111(6), 630-634.
• Arun CS, Pandit R, Taylor R. Long-term progression of retinopathy after initiation of insulin therapy in Type 2 diabetes: An observational study. Diabetologia 2004, 47(8), 1380-1384.
• Dashora UK, Taylor R. Maintaining glycaemic control during high-dose prednisolone administration for hyperemesis gravidarum in Type 1 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 2004, 21(3), 298-299.
• Carey PE, Halliday J, Snaar JEM, Morris PG, Taylor R. Direct assessment of muscle glycogen storage after mixed meals in normal and type 2 diabetic subjects. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2003, 284(4), E688-E694.
• Arun CS, Ngugi N, Lovelock L, Taylor R. Effectiveness of screening in preventing blindness due to diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic Medicine 2003, 20(3), 186-190.
• Harding S, Greenwood R, Aldington S, Gibson J, Owens D, Taylor R, Kohner E, Scanlon P, Leese G. Grading and disease management in national screening for diabetic retinopathy in England and Wales. Diabetic Medicine 2003, 20(12), 965-971.
• Taylor R, Shulman GI. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of liver and muscle glycogen metabolism in humans. In: Kahn, R, ed. Joslin's Diabetes Mellitus. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; London, UK: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp.195-206.
• Taylor R, Mirsky S. Screening for diabetic retinopathy. Lancet 2003, 361(9368), 1570.
• Taylor R. Screening for diabetic retinopathy. Lancet 2003, 361(9368), 1570-1570.
• Arun CS, Pandit R, Taylor R. To what extent does initiation of insulin therapy worsen retinopathy in Type 2 diabetes?. In: Diabetologia: 18th Congress of the International Diabetes Federation. 2003, Paris, France: Springer.
• Taylor R, Muhlhauser I, Sleight P, Pogue J, Yusuf S. Blood pressure and cardiovascular risk in the HOPE study. Lancet 2002, 359(9323), 2117-2118.
• Taylor R, Lee C, Kyne-Grzebalski D, Marshall SM, Davison JM. Clinical outcomes of pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002, 99(4), 537-541.
• Taylor R, Lee C, Kyne-Grzebalski D, Marshall SM, Davison JM. Clinical outcomes of pregnancy in women with Type 1 diabetes: a single center study of 109 pregnancies. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 2002, 99(4), 537-541.
• Barnett AH, Taylor R. Interpretation of the HOPE study. Practical Diabetes International 2002, 19(1), 30-31.
• Moran P, Taylor R. Management of hyperemesis gravidarum: the importance of weight loss as a criterion for steroid therapy. QJM 2002, 95(3), 153-158.
• Singhal P, Caumo A, Carey PE, Cobelli C, Taylor R. Regulation of endogenous glucose production after a mixed meal in type 2 diabetes. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2002, 283(2), E275-E283.
• Rutter MK, Wilcox E, Easton J, Skinner J, Taylor R. Baseline clinical profile and rapid progression to insulin treatment in newly diagnosed diabetic patients over 50 years of age. Practical Diabetes International 2001, 18(3), 99-101.
• Daggett P, Taylor R. Comment on the HOPE study - Reply from Professor Roy Taylor. Practical Diabetes International 2001, 18(9), 338.
• Carey PE, Snaar JEM, Gerrard J, Morris P, Taylor R. Diurnal change in muscle glycogen in type 2 diabetes and in normal subjects. In: 37th Annual Meeting of the EASD. 2001, Glasgow, UK: Springer.
• Halse R, Pearson SL, McCormack JG, Yeaman SJ, Taylor R. Effects of tumor necrosis factor-α on insulin action in cultured human muscle cells. Diabetes 2001, 50(5), 1102-1109.
• Lovelock L, Young D, Shotton M, Taylor R. High resolution digital retinal camera: Does use of two images per eye increase screening time?. In: 37th Annual Meeting of the EASD. 2001, Glasgow, UK: Springer.
• Rutter MK, Wilcox E, Easton J, Skinner J, Taylor R. Improving the early management of blood glucose in emergency admissions with chest pain. Practical Diabetes International 2001, 18(3), 75-78.
• Taylor R, Shulman GI. Regulation of hepatic glucose uptake. In: Jefferson, L.S., Cherrington, A.D, ed. Handbook of Physiology: The Endocrine Pancreas and Regulation of Metabolism. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2001, pp.787-802.
• Marsden PJ, Murdoch AP, Taylor R. Tissue insulin sensitivity and body weight in polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical Endocrinology 2001, 55(2), 191-199.
• Marsden PJ, Murdoch AP, Taylor R. Adipocyte insulin action in hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Human Reproduction 2000, 15(8), 1672-1678.
• Taylor R, Davies R, Fox C, Sampson M, Weaver JU, Wood L. Appropriate Insulin Regimes for Type 2 Diabetes: a multicenter randomized crossover study. Diabetes Care 2000, 23(11), 1612-1618.
• Taylor R, Davies R, Fox C, Sampson M, Weaver JU, Wood L. Appropriate insulin regimes for type 2 diabetes: A multicenter randomized crossover study. Diabetes Care 2000, 23(11), 1612-1618.
• Singhal P, Barker S, Taylor G, Caumo A, Cobelli C, Taylor R. Control of postprandial hepatic glucose output in type 2 diabetes and matched controls. In: Diabetologia. 2000, Springer.
• Taylor R, Marsden PJ. Insulin sensitivity and fertility. Human Fertility 2000, 3(1), 65-69.
• Pandit RJ, Taylor R. Mydriasis and glaucoma: exploding the myth. A systematic review. Diabetic Medicine 2000, 17(10), 693-699.
• Whittaker PG, Lee CH, Taylor R. Whole body protein kinetics in women: Effect of pregnancy and IDDM during anabolic stimulation. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2000, 279(5), E978-E988.
• Marsden PJ, Murdoch AP, Taylor R. Adipocyte insulin action following ovulation in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Human Reproduction 1999, 14(9), 2216-2222.
• Carron Brown S, Kyne-Grzebalski D, Mwangi B, Taylor R. Effect of management policy upon 120 Type 1 diabetic pregnancies: Policy decisions in practice. Diabetic Medicine 1999, 16(7), 573-578.
• Kyne-Grzebalski D, Wood L, Marshall SM, Taylor R. Episodic hyperglycaemia in pregnant women with well-controlled Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a major potential factor underlying macrosomia. Diabetic Medicine 1999, 16(8), 702-706.
• Taylor R, Brunetti P. Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes 1999, 107(2), 111-112.
• Taylor R. The nature of type 2 diabetes: the role for new agents. In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE. 1999.
• R. Taylor, D. M. Broadbent, R. Greenwood, D. Hepburn, D. R. Owens and H. Simpson. Mobile retinal screening in Britain. Diabetic Medicine 1998, 15, 344-347.
• R. Taylor, G. D. Stainsby and D. L. Richardson. Rupture of the plantar fascia in the diabetic foot leads to toe dorsiflexion deformity. Diabetologia 1998, 41, 1071.
• R. Taylor. Alternatives to the retinal camera - Reply. Diabetic Medicine 1997, 14, 622-622.
• P. J. Marsden, A. Murdoch and R. Taylor. Adipocyte insulin action during the normal menstrual cycle. Human Reproduction 1996, 11, 968-974.
• A. Gascoigne, A. Appleton, R. Taylor, A. Batchelor and S. Cook. Catastrophic circulatory collapse following re-expansion pulmonary oedema. Resuscitation 1996, 31, 265-269.
• J. M. Webster and R. Taylor. Direct action of gliclazide on skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism. Diabetes Nutrition & Metabolism 1996, 9, 115-121.
• R. Taylor, I. Magnusson, D. L. Rothman, G. W. Cline, A. Caumo, C. Cobelli and G. I. Shulman. Direct assessment of liver glycogen storage by C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and regulation of glucose homeostasis after a mixed meal in normal subjects. Journal of Clinical Investigation 1996, 97, 126-132.
• A. B. Johnson and R. Taylor. Does suppression of postprandial blood glucose excursions by the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol improve insulin sensitivity in diet-treated type II diabetic patients?. Diabetes Care 1996, 19, 559-563.
• F. Ofei, S. Hurel, J. Newkirk, M. Sopwith and R. Taylor. Effects of an engineered human anti-TNF-alpha antibody (CDP571) on insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in patients with NIDDM. Diabetes 1996, 45, 881-885.
• Phillips D.I.W., Borthwick A.C., Stein C., Taylor R. Fetal growth and insulin resistance in adult life: Relationship between glycogen synthase activity in adult skeletal muscle and birthweight. Diabetes Medicine 1996, 13, 325-329.
• R. Taylor. Insulin resistance: Circumventing nature's blocks. Lancet 1996, 348, 1045-1046.
• D. I. W. Phillips, S. Caddy, V. Ilic, B. A. Fielding, K. N. Frayn, A. C. Borthwick and R. Taylor. Intramuscular triglyceride and muscle insulin sensitivity: Evidence for a relationship in nondiabetic subjects. Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental 1996, 45, 947-950.
• R. Taylor, B. A. Hopper, D. Dodgson, P. J. Ohare, R. McCann, P. A. Harte, P. Bell, D. A. Ellingford, R. Newton, D. Taylor, J. E. Tooke, J. Jacobs, H. Hempstead, C. Fernandez, S. RiceEdwards, C. Johnston, S. Fothergill, M. Balshaw, C. Walton, D. M. Broadbent, S. P. Harding, R. Jackson, J. Vora, T. L. Lovelock, K. P. Stannard, M. Flatman, R. Greenwood, G. Peck, W. Jeffcoate, C. Soper, A. Mottram, J. Leadbeatter and H. Simpson. Practical community screening for diabetic retinopathy using the mobile retinal camera: Report of a 12 centre study. Diabetic Medicine 1996, 13, 946-952.
• R. Taylor. Successful management of hyperemesis gravidarum using steroid therapy. Qjm-Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians 1996, 89, 103-107.