Newcastle University

Introduction

Alan Murray formed the international research group "Cardiovascular Physics and Engineering" as an active collaboration between university based academic research and hospital based clinical cardiology and cardiovascular surgery.

The group publishes over 12 papers each year, undertakes grant funded research, provides PhD training, develops innovative medical devices, and actively collaborates with the medical device industry.

Alan Murray has published over 300 research publications. His primary areas of research are in the development of devices and measurement techniques of clinical value in cardiovascular medicine and surgery. He holds patents in blood pressure measurement and arterial measurement. One of his novel devices lead to the creation of a spin-out company

He has been Editor of Clinical Physics & Physiological Measurement, and Editor in Chief of Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. He is currently Editor of Computing in Cardiology, published as a free-access publication and also by the IEEE in the USA.

His work in patient safety led to the publication of the book he co-authored on “Medical Devices: Use and Safety”, which was republished in digital format in 2011 after selling out. It was also published independently in India in 2011 for the Asian market.

• Langley P, DiMarco LY, King S, Duncan D, DiMaria C, Duan W, Bojarnejad M, Zheng D, Allen J, Murray A. An algorithm for assessment of quality of ECGs acquired via mobile telephones. In: Computing in Cardiology. 2011, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China: CinC.
• Zheng D, Giovannini R, Murray A. Effect of respiration, talking and small body movements on blood pressure measurement. Journal of Human Hypertension 2011, (epub ahead of print).
• Zheng D, Giovannini R, Murray A. Effect of talking on mean arterial blood pressure: agreement between manual auscultatory and automatic oscillometric techniques. In: Computing in Cardiology. 2011, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China: IEEE.
• Zheng D, Amoore JN, Mieke S, Murray A. How important is the recommended slow cuff pressure deflation rate for blood pressure measurement?. Annals of Biomedical Engineering 2011, 39(10), 2584-2591.
• Wang K, Zheng D, Sims AJ, Murray A. Semi-automated assessment of left ventricular volume through 2D echocardiographic images using a tissue-mimicking phantom. In: Computing in Cardiology. 2011, Hangzhou, China: IEEE.
• Duan W, Zheng D, Langley P, Murray A. The relationship between the occurrence of the U wave and both the electrical and mechanical timing sequence. In: Computing in Cardiology. 2011, Hangzhou, China: IEEE.
• Zheng D, Giovannini R, Murray A. Asymmetrical oscillometric pulse waveform envelopes in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. In: Computing in Cardiology. 2010, Belfast, UK: IEEE.
• Murray A, ed. Computing in Cardiology 2009. USA: IEEE, 2009.
• Lowdon P, Murray A, Langley P. Heart rate and blood pressure interactions during attempts to consciously raise or lower heart rate and blood pressure in normotensive subjects. Physiological Measurement 2011, 32(3), 359-367.
• Mill AC, Rushton SP, Murrary AWA, Rose M. PAH contamination in Shellfish: Modelling to estimate exposure. Ecotoxicology 2011. In Press.
• Zheng DC, Murray A. Peripheral arterial volume distensibility: significant differences with age and blood pressure measured using an applied external pressure. Physiological Measurement 2011, 32(5), 499-512.
• Wang K, Hollingsworth K, Sims AJ, Blamire AM, Murray A. Evaluation of semi-automated border detection algorithms for the left ventricular endocardium from magnetic resonance images. In: Computing in Cardiology. 2010, Belfast, UK: IEEE.
• Mieke S, Seemann R, Riedel W, Murray A, Amoore J. A simulator to test automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers. In: World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering. 2009, Munich, Germany: Springer.
• Langley P, Murray A. Computer algorithm for tracking ECG spectral dynamics in ventricular tachyarrhythmias. In: 36th Annual Computers in Cardiology Conference (CINC). 2009, Park City, Utah, USA: IEEE.
• Langley P, King S, Zheng D, Bowers E, Wang K, Allen J, Murray A. Predicting acute hypotensive episodes from mean arterial pressure. In: 36th Annual Computers in Cardiology Conference (CINC). 2009, Park City, Utah, USA: IEEE.
• Kumar N, Allen J, Murray A, Griffiths B. A pilot study assessing the response of single dose sildenafil citrate (Viagra) in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon in patients with systemic sclerosis. In: British Society of Rheumatology and British Health Professionals Spring Meeting. 2004, Edinburgh, UK.
• Allen J, Oates CP, Chishti A, Ahmed I, Talbot D, Murray A. Combined thermal imaging and colour duplex ultrasound assessments of renal fistula patients. In: 2004 UK Symposium on Medical Infrared Thermography. 2004, NPL, Teddington. UK.
• Vecchietti S, Langley P, Severi S, Cavalcanti S, Murray A. Effect of premature ventricular beats on manual and automatic repolarization measurements. Journal of Electrocardiology 2004, 37(3), 181-189.
• Bowers EJ, Murray A. Effects on baroreflex sensitivity measurements when different protocols are used to induce regular changes in beat-to-beat intervals and systolic pressure. Physiological Measurement 2004, 25(2), 523-538.
• Kumar N, Allen J, Murray A, Griffiths B. The assessment of single dose Sildenafil Citrate in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology 2004. In Press.
• Allen J, Murray A. Age-related changes in multi-site photoplethysmographic peripheral pulse shape characteristics at various body sites. In: Clinical Autonomic Research: Third International workshop on The Human Circulation: Non-invasive Haemodynamic, Autonomic and Vascular Monitoring. 2003, Graz, Austria: Dr. Dietrich Steinkopff Verlag.
• Langley P, Bowers EJ, Brown N, Wild J, Drinnan MJ, Allen J, Sims AJ, Murray A. An algorithm to distinguish ischemic and non-ischaemic ST changes in the Holter ECG. In: Computers in Cardiology Meeting. 2003, Thessaloniki, Greece: IEEE.
• Langley P, Steinhoff U, Trahms L, Oeff M, Murray A. Analysis of spatial variation in the atrial fibrillation frequency from the multi-channel magnetocardiogram. In: 30th Annual Conference on Computers in Cardiology. 2003, Thesoloniki, Greece: IEEE.
• Allen J, Murray A. Dynamic characteristics of the peripheral pulse: an investigation into the differences between right and left body sites. In: Assessment of the Active Cardiovascular System. 2003, York, UK.
• Polvikoski T, Murray A, Harper P, Neal J. Familial motor neurone disease with dementia: phenotypic variation and cerebellar pathology. Journal on Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2003, 74(11), 1516-1520.
• Allan LM, McLaren AT, Allen J, Ballard CG, McKeith IG, Murray A, Kenny RA. Heart rate variability is reduced in dementia with Lewy bodies but not Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia. In: First Congress of the International Society for Vascular Behavioural and Cognitive Disorders (VAS-COG). 2003, Gothenburg, Sweden.
• Langley P, Rieta JJ, Stridh M, Millet-Roig J, Sörnmo L, Murray A. Reconstruction of atrial signals derived from the 12-lead ECG using atrial signal extraction techniques. In: Computers in Cardiology. 2003, Thesoloniki, Greece.
• Penzel T, McNames J, de Chazal P, Raymond B, Murray A, Moody G. Systematic evaluation of ECG based detection of sleep apnea. In: Sleep: 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies. 2003, Chicago, Illinois, USA: Associated Professional Sleep Societies, Llc.
• Allen J, Murray A. Age-related changes in peripheral pulse timing characteristics at the ears, fingers and toes. Journal of Human Hypertension 2002, 16(10), 711-717.
• Langley P, Murray A. Cardiac repolarisation can be detected as an ordered spatialprocess on the body surface. In: Chaos, Solitons & Fractals. 2002, Leeds, UK: Pergamon.
• di Bernanrdo D, Langley P, Murray A. Effect of changes in heart rate and in action potential duration on the electrocardiogram T wave shape. Physiological Measurement 2002, 23(2), 355-364.
• Smith FE, Langley P, Trahms L, Steinhoff U, Bourke JP, Murray A. Errors in repolarization measurement using magnetocardiography. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 2002, 25(8), 1223-1229.
• Esgiar AN, Naguib RNG, Sharif BS, Bennett MK, Murray A. Fractal analysis in the detection of colonic cancer images. IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine 2002, 6(1), 54-58.
• Allen J, Frame JR, Murray A. Microvascular blood flow and skin temperature changes in the fingers following a deep inspiratory gasp. Physiological Measurement 2002, 23(2), 365-373.
• di Bernardo D, Murray A. Modelling cardiac repolarisation for the study of the T wave: effect of repolarisation sequence. In: Chaos, Solitons & Fractals: Workshop on Tools for Virtual Tissue Engineering. 2002, Leeds, UK: Pergamon.
• di Bernardo D, Murray A. Origin on the electrocardiogram of U-waves and abnormal U-wave inversion. Cardiovascular Research 2002, 53(1), 202-208.
• Langley P, Di Bernardo D, Murray A. Quantification of T wave shape changes following exercise. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 2002, 25(8), 1230-1234.
• O'Sullivan J, Allen J, Murray A. The forgotten Korotkoff phases: How often are phases II and III present, and how do they relate to the other Korotkoff phases?. American Journal of Hypertension 2002, 15(3), 264-268.
• Allen J, Murray A. Comparison of regional variability in multi-site photoplethysmographic pulse wave characteristics. In: Advances in Medical Signal and Information Processing, 2000. 1st International Conference. 2000, Bristol, UK: Institution of Electrical Engineers.
• Drinnan MJ, Allen J, Langley P, Murray A. Detection of sleep apnoea from frequency analysis of heart rate variability. In: Computers in Cardiology 2000. 2000, Cambridge, MA, USA: Institution of Electronic and Electrical Engineers.
• Di Bernardo D, Langley P, Murray A. Dispersion of QT intervals: A measure of dispersion of repolarization or simply a projection effect?. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 2000, 23(9), 1392-1396.
• Langley P, Bourke JP, Murray A. Frequency analysis of atrial fibrillation. In: Computers in Cardiology. 2000, Boston, USA.
• Whittam AM, Clayton RH, Lord SW, McComb JM, Murray A. Heart rate and blood pressure variability in normal subjects compared with data from beat-to-beat models developed from de Boer's model of the cardiovascular system. Physiological Measurement 2000, 21(2), 305-318.
• Abraham P, Sati H, Kumar N, Shaw JAM, Middleton M, Culligan D, Watson H, Murray A, Bevan JS. Hyperprolactinaemia is uncommon in patients with Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Journal of Endocrinology 2000, 164 Suppl, P35.
• Di Bernardo D, Murray A. Medical physics: Explaining the T-wave shape in the ECG. Nature 2000, 403(6765), 40.
• Langley P, Dark JH, Murray A. QT dispersion analysis of a transplant assessment group. In: Computers in Cardiology. 2000, Cambridge, MA, USA: Institution of Electronic and Electrical Engineers.
• Harrington F, Murray A, Ford GA. Relationship of baroreflex sensitivity and blood pressure in an older population. Journal of Hypertension 2000, 18(11), 1629-1633.
• Allen J, Murray A. Similarity in bilateral photoplethysmographic peripheral pulse wave characteristics at the ears, thumbs and toes. Physiological Measurement 2000, 21(3), 369-377.
• Langley P, Murray A. The relationship between QT-dispersion and T-wave symmetry. In: The XXII Congress of the European Society of Cardiology. 2000, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Oxford University Press.
• Smith FE, Langley P, van Leeuwen P, Hailer B, Trahms L, Steinhoff U, Bourke JP, Murray A. Comparison of magnetocardiography and electrocardiography: A study of automatic measurement of dispersion of ventricular repolarization. Europace 2006, 8(10), 887-893.
• Nitzan M, Rosenfeld C, Weiss AT, Grossman E, Patron A, Murray A. Effects of external pressure on arteries distal to the cuff during sphygmomanometry. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2005,52 6 1120-1127.
• Olbrich T, Williams DO, Doig JC, Murray A. In vivo assessment of coronary artery angioplasty and stent deployment from balloon pressure-volume data. Physiological Measurement 2006, 27(3), 213-223.
• Bollmann A, Husser D, Mainardi L, Lombardi F, Langley P, Murray A, Rieta JJ, Millet J, Olsson SB, Stridh M, Sornmo L. Analysis of surface electrocardiograms in atrial fibrillation: Techniques, research, and clinical applications. Europace 2006, 8(11), 911-926.
• Allen JM, Overbeck K, Stansby GP, Murray A. Photoplethysmography assessments in cardiovascular disease. Measurement and Control 2006, 39(3), 80-83.
• Allen J, Oates CP, Chishti AD, Ahmed HAM, Talbot D, Murray A. Thermography and colour duplex ultrasound assessments of arterio-venous fistula function in renal patients. Physiological Measurement 2006, 27(1), 51-60.
• Asmar R, O'Brien E, Mieke S, van Montfrans G, Murray A, Parati G, Steenvoorden G. Affordable technology: blood pressure measuring devices for low resource settings. Switzerland:World Health Organization,2005.
• Sims AJ, Menes JA, Bousfield DR, Reay CA, Murray A. Automated non-invasive blood pressure devices: are they suitable for use?. Blood Pressure Monitoring 2005,10 5 275-281.
• Allan LM, Kerr SRJ, Ballard CG, Allen J, Murray A, McLaren AT, Kenny RA. Autonomic function assessed by heart rate variability is normal in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2005, 19(2-3), 140-144.
• McLaren A, Kerr S, Allan L, Steen IN, Ballard C, Allen J, Murray A, Kenny RA. Autonomic function is impaired in elderly stroke survivors. Stroke 2005, 36(5), 1026-1030.
• Sims AJ, Reay CA, Bousfield DR, Menes JA, Murray A. Low-cost oscillometric non-invasive blood pressure monitors: device repeatability and device differences. Physiological Measurement 2005,26 4 441-445.
• Sims AJ, Reay CA, Bousfield DR, Menes JA, Murray A. Oscillometric blood pressure devices and simulators: measurements of repeatability and diffences between models. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology 2005,29 3 112-118.
• Allen J, Oates CP, Lees TA, Murray A. Photoplethysmography detection of lower limb peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a comparison of pulse timing, amplitude and shape characteristics. Physiological Measurement 2005,26 5 811-821.
• Parati G, Mendis S, Abegunde D, Asmar R, Mieke S, Murray A, Shengelia B, Steenvoorden G, Van Montfrans G, O'Brien E. Recommendations for blood pressure measuring devices for office/clinic use in low resource settings. Blood Pressure Monitoring 2005,10 1 3-10.
• Raine D, Langley P, Murray A, Furniss SS, Bourke JP. Surface atrial frequency analysis in patients with atrial fibrillation: Assessing the effects of linear left atrial ablation. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2005, 16(8), 838-844.
• Olbrich T, Murray A. Assessment of a technique to determine the mechanical properties of coronary arteries using mock arteries. Physiological Measurement 2004,25 4 997-1011.
• Allen J, Gehrke T, O'Sullivan JJ, King ST, Murray A. Characterization of the Korotkoff sounds using joint time-frequency analysis. Physiological Measurement 2004,25 1 107-117.
• Langley P, O'Donnell D, Raine D, Furniss SS, Bourke JP, Murray A. Computer assisted characterization of rapid repetitive electrical activations in the pulmonary veins during atrial fibrillation. In: International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos in Applied Sciences and Engineering: Meeting on Virtual Tissue Engineering of the Heart.2003,Leeds, UK:World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
• Bowers EJ, Murray A. Interaction between cardiac beat-to-beat interval changes an systolic blood pressure changes. Clinical Autonomic Research 2004,14 2 92-98.
• Steinhoff U, Knappe-Grueneberg S, Schnabel A, Trahms L, Smith F, Langley P, Murray A, Koch H. Magnetocardiography for pharmacology safety studies requiring high patient throughput and reliability. Journal of Electrocardiology 2004, 37, 187-192.
• Raine D, Langley P, Murray A, Dunuwille A, Bourke JP. Surface atrial frequency analysis in patients with atrial fibrillation: A tool for evaluating the effects of intervention. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2004,15 9 1021-1026.
• Allen J, Murray A. Age-related changes in peripheral pulse shape characteristics at various body sites. Physiological Measurement 2003, 24(2), 297-307.
• McLaren AT, Allen J, Murray A, Ballard CG, Kenny RA. Cardiovascular effects of donepezil in patients with dementia. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2003,15 4 183-188.
• Smith FE, Langley P, Trahms L, Steinhoff U, Bourke JP, Murray A. Comparison of automatic repolarization measurement techniques in the normal magnetocardiogram. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 2003,26 11 2096-2102.
• Smith FE, Langley P, Trahms L, Steinhoff U, Bourke JP, Murray A. Comparison of cardiac magnetic field distributions during depolarization and repolarization. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos in Applied Sciences and Engineering 2003,13 12 3783-3789.
• O’Sullivan J, Allen J, and Murray A. A clinical study of the Korotkoff phases of blood pressure in children.. J Human Hypertension 2001, 15, 197-201.
• Langley P, di Bernardo D, Murray A. Effect of lead exclusion for the manual measurement of QT dispersion. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 2001, 24, 75-81.
• Drinnan MJ, Allen J, Murray A. Relation between heart rate and pulse transit time during paced respiration.. Physiological Measurement 2001, 22, 425-432.
• Allen J, Murray A. Modelling the relationship between peripheral blood pressure and blood volume pulses using linear and neural network system identification techniques.. Physiological Measurement 1999, 20, 287-301.
• M. J. Drinnan, A. Murray, C. J. Griffiths and G. J. Gibson. Interobserver variability in recognizing arousal in respiratory sleep disorders. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 1998, 158, 358-362.
• Lord SW, Clayton RH, Hall MCS, Gray JC, Murray A, McComb JM, Kenny RA. Reproducibility of three different methods of measuring baroreflex sensitivity in normal subjects. Clinical Science 1998, 95(5), 575-581.
• A. J. Bowman, R. H. Clayton, A. Murray, J. W. Reed, M. F. Subhan and G. A. Ford. Baroreflex function in sedentary and endurance-trained elderly people. Age and Ageing 1997, 26, 289-294.
• A. J. Bowman, R. H. Clayton, A. Murray, J. W. Reed, M. M. F. Subhan and G. A. Ford. Effects of aerobic exercise training and yoga on the baroreflex in healthy elderly persons. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 1997, 27, 443-449.
• Allen JM, Murray A. Assessing ECG signal quality on a coronary care unit. Physiological Measurement 1996, 17(4), 249-258.
• M. J. Drinnan, A. Murray, J. E. S. White, A. J. Smithson, C. J. Griffiths and G. J. Gibson. Automated recognition of EEG changes accompanying arousal in respiratory sleep disorders. Sleep 1996, 19, 296-303.
• Allen J, Oates CP, Henderson J, Jago J, Whittingham TA, Chamberlain J, Jones NAG, Murray A. Comparison of lower limb arterial assessments using color-duplex ultrasound and ankle/brachial pressure index measurements.. Angiology 1996, 47, 225-232.
• M. J. Drinnan, A. Murray, J. E. S. White, A. J. Smithson, G. J. Gibson and C. J. Griffiths. Evaluation of activity-based techniques to identify transient arousal in respiratory sleep disorders. Journal of Sleep Research 1996, 5, 173-180.
• Clayton RH, Bowman AJ, Ford GA, Murray A. Measurement of baroreflex gain from heart rate and blood pressure spectra: comparison of spectral estimation techniques. Physiol Measurement 1995, 16, 131-139.
• Allen J, Murray A. Prospective assessment of an artificial neural network for the detection of peripheral vascular disease from lower limb pulse waveforms.. Physiological Measurement 1995, 16, 29-38.