Newcastle University

Introduction

My research experience has been predominantly in medical toxicology with a specific interest in clinical neurotoxicology. Currently I am establishing a joint Medical Toxicology Research Centre with the Health Protection Agency. The initial focus of this unit is on biomarkers and toxic mechanisms, susceptibility factors and variability of toxic effects, and chronic and delayed health effects.

• Jowsey PJ, Williams FM, Blain PG. DNA damage responses in cells exposed to sulphur mustard. Toxicology Letters 2012, 209(1), 1-10.
• Keane PC, Judge SJ, Blain PG, Morris CM. An investigation into the mechanism of trichloroethylene neurotoxicity in relation to Parkinsonism. In: Annual Congress of The British Toxicology Society. 2011, Durham: Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
• Savy CY, Morris CM, Blain PG, Judge SJ. Behavioural effects of low level exposure to organophosphate pesticides. Toxicology 2011, 290(2-3), 116.
• Keane PC, Kurzawa M, Blain PG, Morris CM. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. Parkinson's Disease 2011, Article ID 716871.
• Baron AW, Steeg R, Morris CM, Blain PG, Judge SJ. Motor activity is a sensitive behavioural biomarker of low level exposure to the shellfish toxin, domoic acid, in male and female rats. In: Toxicology: Annual Congress of The British Toxicology Society. 2011, Durham, UK: Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
• Blain PG, Jefferson RD. Occupational Toxicology: general principles. In: Baxter, P., Aw, T-C., Cockcroft, A., Durrington, P., Harrington, J.M, ed. Hunter's Diseases of Occupations. London, UK: Hodder & Stroughton, 2010, pp.127-140.
• Russell D, Blaine PG, Rice P. Clinical management of casualties exposed to lung damaging agents: a critical review. Emergency Medicine Journal 2006. , 23(6), 421-424.
• Gage VR, Blain PG, Leathart JBS, Daly AK, Williams FM. Association of DNA damage to human peripheral lymphocytes with age and MnSOD and OGG1 genotype. In: Annual Congress of the British Toxicology Society. 2004, Edinburgh, Scotland: Toxicology: Elsevier.
• Harris JB, Blain PG. Neurotoxicology: What the neurologist needs to know. Neurology in Practice 2004. ,75 suppl. 3 iii29-iii34.
• Harris JB, Blain PG. Neurotoxicology: What the neurologist needs to know. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2004, 75, iii29-iii34.
• Blain PG. Committee on carcinogenicity of chemicals in food, consumer products and the environment - Statement on ILSI/HESI research programme on alternative cancer models. Toxicologic Pathology 2003, 31(2), 254-257.
• Blain PG. Tear gases and irritant incapacitants: 1-Chloroacetophene, 2-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile and dibenz[B,F]-1,4-oxazepine. Toxicological Reviews 2003. ,22 2 103-110.
• Howel D, O'Brien S, Murphy E, Chinn DJ, McCrone C, French JM, Blain PG. Upper aerodigestive tract cancers in former employees at an iron and steel works. Occupational Medicine 2001, 51(5), 336-342.
• De Blaquiere GE, Waters L, Blain PG, Williams FM. Electrophysiological and biochemical effects of single and multiple doses of the organophosphate diazinon in the mouse. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2000, 166(2), 81-91.
• E. Mutch, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. The role of metabolism in determining susceptibility to parathion toxicity in man. Toxicology Letters 1999, 107, 177-187.
• C. S. Roper, D. Howes, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. A comparison of the absorption of a series of ethoxylates through rat skin in vitro. Toxicology in Vitro 1998, 12, 57-65.
• G. E. de Blaquiere, F. M. Williams, P. G. Blain and S. S. Kelly. A comparison of the electrophysiological effects of two organophosphates, mipafox and ecothiopate, on mouse limb muscles. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1998, 150, 350-360.
• Blain P.G. et al. Consideration of short-term carcinogenicity tests using transgenic mouse models. Mutation Research-Fundamental and Moelcular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 1998, 16, 138-145.
• P. G. Blain, J. M. Battershill, S. Venitt, C. C. Cooper and R. J. Fielder. Consideration of short-term carcinogenicity tests using transgenic mouse models. Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 1998, 403, 259-263.
• Dick, I.P., Blain, P.G. and Williams, Faith M. Development of structure-activity relationships useful to risk assessment utilising human skin in in vitro systems.. Perspectives of Percutaneous Penetration STS Publishing, Cardiff Ed Brain, James and Waters 1998, 5b, 76-79.
• Blain PG, Loughney E. Occupational asthma due to porcine pancreatic amylase. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998. ,55 6 434-434.
• Dick, I.P., Blain, P.G. and Williams, Faith M. Useful of animal models in predicting human skin permeability for a series of chemicals of different liphilicities.. Perspectives of Percutaneous Penetration STS Publishing, Cardiff Ed Brain, James and Waters 1998, 5b, 73-75.
• S. J. Crosbie, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. An investigation into the role of rat skeletal muscle as a site for xenobiotic metabolism using microsomes and isolated cells. Human & Experimental Toxicology 1997, 16, 138-145.
• S. S. Kelly, G. E. deBlaquiere, F. M. Williams and P. G. Blain. Effects of multiple doses organophosphates an evoked potentials in mouse diaphragm. Human & Experimental Toxicology 1997, 16, 72-78.
• S. J. Crosbie, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. Metabolism of n-hexane by rat liver and extrahepatic tissues and the effect of cytochrome P-450 inducers. Human & Experimental Toxicology 1997, 16, 131-137.
• C. S. Roper, D. Howes, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. Percutaneous penetration of 2-phenoxyethanol through rat and human skin. Food and Chemical Toxicology 1997, 35, 1009-1016.
• Azari MR, Edwards JW, Williams FM and Blain PG. Potential biomarkers of exposure and effect among glass craftsmen and braziers exposed to nitrogen oxides. Biomarkers 1997, 2, 349-354.
• Hatjian B.A., Edwards J.W., Harrison J., Williams F.M. and Blain P.G. Risk assessment of occupational exposure to bitumen fumes in the road paving and roofing industries. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand 1997, 13, 65-78.
• F. M. Williams, C. Charlton, G. E. deBlaquiere, E. Mutch, S. S. Kelly and P. G. Blain. The effects of multiple low doses of organophosphates on target enzymes in brain and diaphragm in the mouse. Human & Experimental Toxicology 1997, 16, 67-71.
• I. P. Dick, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. The percutaneous absorption and skin distribution of lindane in man. I. In vivo studies. Human & Experimental Toxicology 1997, 16, 645-651.
• Dick IP, Blain PG, Williams FM. The percutaneous absorption and skin distribution of lindane in man. II. In vitro studies. Human and Experimental Toxicology 1997,16 11 652-657.
• M. R. Azari, F. M. Williams, J. Kirby, P. Kelly, J. W. Edwards and P. G. Blain. Effects of nitrogen oxides on natural killer cells in glass craftsmen and braziers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996, 53, 248-251.
• A. M. Langford, M. J. Hobbs, D. G. Upshall, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. The effect of sulphur mustard on glutathione levels in rat lung slices and the influence of treatment with arylthiols and cysteine esters. Human & Experimental Toxicology 1996, 15, 619-624.
• P. G. Blain. Variability in susceptibility of the nervous system to toxic insult. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 1996, 2, 131-133.
• E. Mutch, S. S. Kelly, P. G. Blain and F. M. Williams. Comparative studies of two organophosphorus compounds in the mouse. Toxicology Letters 1995, 81, 45-53.
• Kelly, S.S., Mutch, E, Williams, Faith M. and Blain, P.G. Electrophysiological changes in the neuromuscular system and biochemical effects following single doses of organophosphates in the mouse.. Arch. Toxicol. 1994, 68, 459-466.
• Williams, F.M., Mutch, E and Blain P.G. Paraoxonase distribution in Caucasian males.. Chem. Biol. Interact. 1993, 87, 155-160.
• Mutch E, Blain PG, Williams FM. Interindividual variations in enzymes controlling organophosphate toxicity in man. Human & Experimental Toxicology 1992, 11(2), 109-116.