Newcastle University

Roles and Responsibilities

Professor of Cerebrovascular Pathology (Neuropathology)
Lead PI, MRC Vascular Factors in Dementia programme; Director, Cerebrovascular Laboraoty, Institute for Ageing and Health

Qualifications

PhD, FRCPath

Previous Positions

Associate Professor of Neurology, Neurosciences and Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA

Memberships

Royal College of Pathologists (Fellow), British Neuroscience Association (Hon Sec), International Brain Research Organisation (Executive Committee), Society for Neuroscience (ordinary member), International Society for Vascular Behavioural and Cognitive Disorders (Chair, Scientific and Nominating Committees)

Honours and Awards

Gold medal from President Diouf of Senegal, appointed Officier L’Ordre National du Lion for services to promote research and teaching of neurosciences in Africa

Research Interests

Neuropathology of Dementia and Cerebroavascular disease, Vascular Demetia, Alzheimer's disease, Stroke

Current Work

Neuropathology of Cerebrovascular Disease; CADASIL

Esteem Indicators

Member, Scientific Advisory Board, Alzheimer's Research Trust (UK)
Member, Scientific Advisory Board- Medical Research Council, London

Funding

MRC (UK), NIH (NINDS), Alzheimer's Research Trust (UK), EU-1999, Alzheimer's Assocation (USA)and CADASIL Trust (UK).

Projects

• Centre for Brain Ageing and Vitality
  Project Leader(s): Professor DM Turnbull
• Cognitive Function After Stroke (COGFAST) study
  Project Leader(s): Professor Raj N Kalaria
• Multimorbidity in the ageing human brain - assessment by quantitative neuropathology
  Project Leader(s): Dr. Johannes Attems

Postgraduate Teaching

MRES Medical and Molecular Biosciences. Neuroscience module

• Sheu K-FR, Brown AM, Haroutunian V, Kalaria RN, Mohs RC, Lannfelt L, Blass JP. Modulation by DLST of the genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease in a very elderly population. Annals of Neurology 1999, 45(1), 48-53.
• Premkumar, D.L., Cohen, D.L., Hedera, P., Friedland, R.P., Kalaria, R.N. Apolipoprotein E o4 alleles in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer;s disease. Am J Pathol 1996, 148, 2083-2095.
• Ogeng'o, J.A., Cohen, C.L., Sayi, J.G., Matuja, W.B., Chande, H.M., Kitinya, J., Kimani, J.K., Friedland, R.P., Mori, H., Kalaria, R.N. Cerebral amyloid beta protein and other Alzheimer lesions in non-demented elderly East Africans. Brain Pathol 1996, 6, 101-108.
• Kalaria RN, Perry RH, O'Brien J, Jaros E. Atheromatous disease in small intracerebral vessels, microinfarcts and dementia. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology 2012, 38(5), 505-508.
• Mukaetova-Ladinska EB, Purshouse K, Andrade J, Krishnan M, Jagger C, Kalaria RN. Can healthy lifestyle modify risk factors for dementia? Findings from a pilot community-based survey in Chennai (India) amd Newcastle (UK). Neuroepidemiology 2012, 39(3), 163-170.
• Ndung'u M, Hartig W, Wegner F, Mwenda JM, Low RWC, Akinyemi RO, Kalaria RN. Cerebral amyloid beta(42) deposits and microvascular pathology in ageing baboons. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology 2012, 38(5), 487-499.
• Okamoto Y, Yamamoto T, Kalaria RN, Senzaki H, Maki T, Hase Y, Kitamura A, Washida K, Yamada M, Ito H, Tomimoto H, Takahashi R, Ihara M. Cerebral hypoperfusion accelerates cerebral amyloid angiopathy and promotes cortical microinfarcts. Acta Neuropathologica 2012, 123(3), 381-394.
• Kalaria RN, Mukaetova-Ladinska EB. Delirium, dementia and senility. Brain 2012, 135(9), 2582-2584.
• Gemmell E, Bosomworth H, Allan L, Hall R, Khundakar A, Oakley AE, Deramecourt V, Polvikoski TM, O'Brien JT, Kalaria RN. Hippocampal Neuronal Atrophy and Cognitive Function in Delayed Poststroke and Aging-Related Dementias. Stroke 2012, 43(3), 808-814.
• Mukaetova-Ladinska EB, Abdel-All Z, Andrade J, McNally RJ, James PW, Kalaria RN, O'Brien JT. Increase in platelet immunoglobulin in Alzheimer's disease is lowered following cholinesterase inhibitor treatment: preliminary results. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2012, 32(2), 431-436.
• Ekonomou A, Johnson M, Perry RH, Perry EK, Kalaria RN, Minger SL, Ballard CG. Increased neural progenitors in individuals with cerebral small vessel disease. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology 2012, 38(4), 344-353.
• Lax NZ, Pienaar IS, Reeve AK, Hepplewhite PD, Jaros E, Taylor RW, Kalaria RN, Turnbull DM. Microangiopathy in the cerebellum of patients with mitochondrial DNA disease. Brain 2012, 135(6), 1736-1750.
• Firbank MJ, Allan LM, Burton EJ, Barber R, O'Brien JT, Kalaria RN. Neuroimaging predictors of death and dementia in a cohort of older stroke survivors. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2012, 83(3), 263-267.
• Giwa MO, Williams J, Elderfield K, Jiwa NS, Bridges LR, Kalaria RN, Markus HS, Esiri MM, Hainsworth AH. Neuropathologic evidence of endothelial changes in cerebral small vessel disease. Neurology 2012, 78(3), 167-174.
• Mukaetova-Ladinska EB, Abdel-All Z, Dodds S, Andrade J, AlvesdaSilva J, Kalaria RN, O'Brien JT. Platelet immunoglobulin and amyloid precursor protein (APP) as potential peripheral biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease. Findings from a pilot study. Age and Ageing 2012, 41(3), 408-412.
• Lopes MA, Firbank MJ, Widdrington M, Blamire AM, Kalaria RN, O'Brien JT. Post-stroke dementia: the contribution of thalamus and basal ganglia changes. International Psychogeriatrics 2012, 24(4), 568-576.
• Kitamura A, Fujita Y, Oishi N, Kalaria RN, Washida K, Maki T, Okamoto Y, Hase Y, Yamada M, Takahashi J, Ito H, Tomimoto H, Fukuyama H, Takahashi R, Ihara M. Selective white matter abnormalities in a novel rat model of vascular dementia. Neurobiology of Aging 2012, 33(5), 1012.e25.
• Deramecourt V, Slade JY, Oakley AE, Perry RH, Ince PG, Maurage CA, Kalaria RN. Staging and natural history of cerebrovascular pathology in dementia. Neurology 2012, 78(14), 1043-1050.
• Narayan SK, Gorman G, Kalaria RN, Ford GA, Chinnery PF. The minimum prevalence of CADASIL in northeast England. Neurology 2012, 78(13), 1025-1027.
• Firbank MJ, He J, Blamire AM, Singh B, Danson P, Kalaria RN, O'Brien JT. Cerebral blood flow by arterial spin labeling in poststroke dementia. Neurology 2011, 76(17), 1478-1484.
• Jones EL, Kalaria RN, Sharp SI, O'Brien JT, Francis PT, Ballard CG. Genetic Associations of Autopsy-Confirmed Vascular Dementia Subtypes. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2011, 31(4), 247-253.
• Sergeant J, Aase H, Faraone SV, Johansen E, Kalaria R, Meyer A, Russell V, Sadile A, Sonuga-Barke E, Tannock R. In Memoriam Terje Sagvolden. Behavioral and Brain Functions 2011, 7(1), 5.
• Sergeant J, Aase H, Faraone SV, Johansen EB, Kalaria R, Meyer A, Russell V, Sadile A, Sonuga-Barke E, Tannock R. In Memoriam: Terje Sagvolden. American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2011, 156B(4), 379-381.
• Allan LM, Rowan EN, Firbank MJ, Thomas AJ, Parry SW, Polvikoski TM, O'Brien JT, Kalaria RN. Long term incidence of dementia, predictors of mortality and pathological diagnosis in older stroke survivors. Brain 2011, 134(12), 3713-3724.
• Morris CM, Ballard CG, Allan L, Rowan E, Stephens S, Firbank MJ, Ford GA, Kenny RA, O'Brien JT, Kalaria RN. NOS3 gene rs1799983 polymorphism and incident dementia in elderly stroke survivors. Neurobiology of Aging 2011, 32(3), 554.e1-554.e6.
• Coltman R, Spain A, Tsenkina Y, Fowler JH, Smith J, Scullion G, Allerhand M, Scott F, Kalaria RN, Ihara M, Daumas S, Deary IJ, Wood E, McCulloch J, Horsburgh K. Selective white matter pathology induces a specific impairment in spatial working memory. Neurobiology of Aging 2011, 32(12), 2324.e7.
• Yamada M, Ihara M, Okamoto Y, Maki T, Washida K, Kitamura A, Hase Y, Ito H, Takao K, Miyakawa T, Kalaria RN, Tomimoto H, Takahashi R. The Influence of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion on Cognitive Function and Amyloid beta Metabolism in APP Overexpressing Mice. PLoS ONE 2011, 6(1), e16567.
• Zotova E, Nicoll J, Kalaria R, Holmes C, Boche D. Inflammation in Alzheimer's disease: Relevance to pathogenesis and therapy. Alzheimer's Research and Therapy 2010, 2(1), alzrt24.
• Takahashi K, Adachi K, Yoshizaki K, Kunimoto S, Kalaria R, Watanabe A. Mutations in NOTCH3 cause the formation and retention of aggregates in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to impaired cell proliferation. Human Molecular Genetics 2010, 19(1), 79-89.
• Kalaria R. Vascular basis for brain degeneration: Faltering controls and risk factors for dementia. Nutrition Reviews 2010, 68(2), s74-s87.
• Kirvell S, Elliott M, Kalaria R, Hortobágyi T, Ballard C, Francis P. Vesicular glutamate transporter and cognition in stroke: A case-control autopsy study. Neurology 2010, 75(20), 1803-1809.
• Religa D, Johnson M, Kalaria R, Jaros E, McKeith IG, Perry R, Court JA, Naslund J, Perry EK. Decreased levels of amyloid beta peptide in the brains of smokers. In: European Journal of Neurology: 9th Congress of the EFNS. 2005, Athens, Greece: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
• Kalaria RN, Spoors L, Laude EA, Emery CJ, Thwaites-Bee D, Fairlie J, Oakley AE, Barer DH, Barer GR. Hypoxia of sleep apnoea: cardiopulmonary and cerebral changes after intermittent hypoxia in rats. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 2004, 140(1), 53-62.
• Nunomura A, Chiba S, Lippa CF, Cras P, Kalaria RN, Takeda A, Honda K, Smith MA, Perry G. Neuronal RNA oxidation is a prominent feature of familial Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Disease 2004, 17(1), 108-113.
• Wallin A, Skoog I, Kalaria R, Roman GC. Proceedings of the First Congress of the International Society for Vascular Behavioural and Cognitive Disorders (VAS-COG 2003). Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2004, 226(1-2), 1-2.
• O'Brien JT, Burton EJ, Kalaria R, Kenny RA, Ballard C. [abstract] Neuroimaging changes in vascular mild cognitive impairment (MCI). International Psychogeriatrics 2003, 15(s2), 50-51.
• Thomas A, Kalaria R, Perry R, O'Brien JT. [abstract] Neuropathological changes in late life depression. International Psychogeriatrics 2003, 15(s2), 159.
• Bradbury MP, Stephens S, Rowan E, Burton EJ, Kalaria R, Kenny RA, Ballard C. [abstract] White matter hyperintensities are associated with impairment of memory and attention in older stroke patients. International Psychogeriatrics 2003, 15(s2), 299-299.
• Kalaria RN. Comparison between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: Implications for treatment. Neurological Research 2003, 25(6), 661-664.
• Mulugeta E, Karlsson E, Islam A, Kalaria R, Mangat H, Winblad B, Adem A. Loss of muscarinic M-4 receptors in hippocampus of Alzheimer patients. Brain Research 2003, 960(1-2), 259-262.
• Heckmann JM, Low WC, Morris CM, de Villiers C, Rutherfoord S, Ramesar R, Kalaria R. Novel presenilin 1 mutation with profound neurofibrillary pathology in an indigenous South African (Xhoas) family with early onset familial Alzheimer's disease. In: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry: Joint Congress of the Association of British Neurologists/Neurological Association of South Africa. 2003, Cape Town, South Africa: BMJ Group.
• Ballard C, Rowan E, Stephens S, Kalaria R, Kenny RA. Prospective follow-up study between 3 and 15 months after stroke - Improvements and decline in cognitive function among dementia-free stroke survivors > 75 years of age. Stroke 2003, 34(10), 2440-2444.
• Kalaria R. Bioethics and research in Africa. NeuroReport 2002, 13(8), 1003.
• Kalaria RN, Low WC, Oakley AE, Slade JY, Ince PG, Morris CM, Mizuno T. CADASIL and genetics of cerebral ischaemia. Journal of Neural Transmission: Supplement 2002, (63), 75-90.
• Thomas AJ, Ferrier IN, Kalaria RN, Davis S, O'Brien JT, Porter RJ, Marshall EF, Barnett NA, Idey A, McGuckin EA. Cell adhesion molecule expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in major depression in the elderly Effects of rapid tryptophan depletion on salivary and plasma cortisol in Alzheimer's disease and the healthy elderly Effects of hydrocortisone administration on cognitive function in the elderly. British Journal of Psychiatry 2002, 181(1), 129-134.
• Thomas AJ, Ferrier IN, Kalaria RN, Davis S, O'Brien JT. Cell adhesion molecule expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulite cortex in major depression in the elderly. British Journal of Psychiatry 2002, 181(2), 129-134.
• Spoors L, Kalaria RN, Laude EA, Emery CJ, Oakley A, Barer GR, Barer DH. Cerebrovascular proliferation in simulated sleep apnoea in rats. In: Journal of Physiology: Meeting of the Physiological Society. 2002, Leeds, UK: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
• Kalaria R, Teahan O, Slade J, Thomas A, Kenny RA, Ince P, Perry R, Ballard C. Characterisation of white matter pathology in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. In: Neurobiology of Aging. 2002, Elsevier Inc.
• Ballard C, Wesnes KA, O'Brien J, Stephens S, Burton E, Rowan E, Kalaria R, Kenny RA. Cognitive impairments in elderly stroke patients without dementia: Profile and MRI correlates. In: Journal of Psychopharmacology: Summer Meeting of the British Association for Psychopharmacology. 2002, Harrogate: Sage Publications Ltd.
• Adem A, Mulugeta E, Karlsson E, Islam A, Winblad B, Kalaria RN. Hippocampal muscarinic M-4 receptor changes in Alzheimer's disease. In: Neurobiology of Aging. 2002, Elsevier Inc.
• Kalaria R. IBRO and its role in the development of African neuroscience. NeuroReport 2002, 13(8), 1004.
• Kalaria RN, Kalimo H. Introduction: Non-atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disorders. Brain Pathology 2002, 12(3), 337-342.
• Thomas AJ, O'Brien JT, Davis S, Ballard C, Barber R, Kalaria RN, Perry RH. Ischemic basis for deep white matter hyperintensities in major depression - A neuropathological study. Archives of General Psychiatry 2002, 59(9), 785-792.
• Kenny RAM, Kalaria R, Ballard C. Neurocardiovascular instability in cognitive impairment and dementia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2002, 977(1), 183-195.
• Kenny RAM, Kalaria R, Ballard C. Neurocardiovascular instability in cognitive impairment and dementia. In: Alzheimer's Disease: Vascular Etiology and Pathology. 2002, Kyoto, Japan: New York Academy of Sciences.
• Ballard C, Stephens S, McLaren A, Wesnes K, Kenny RA, Burton E, O'Brien J, Kalaria R. Neuropsychological deficits in older stroke patients. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2002, 977, 179-182.
• Ballard C, Stephens S, McLaren A, Wesnes K, Kenny RA, Burton E, O'Brien J, Kalaria R. Neuropsychological deficits in older stroke patients. In: Alzheimer's Disease: Vascular Etiology and Pathology. 2002, Kyoto, Japan: New York Academy of Sciences.
• Thomas AJ, Perry R, Barber R, Kalaria RN, O'Brien JT. Pathologies and pathological mechanisms for white matter hyperintensities in depression. In: Alzheimer's Disease: Vascular Etiology and Pathology. 2002, Kyoto, Japan: New York Academy of Sciences.
• Kalaria R. Similarities between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences: 2nd International Congress on Vascular Dementia. 2002, Salzburg, Austria: Elsevier BV.
• Kalaria RN. Small vessel disease and alzheimer's dementia: Pathological considerations. Cerebrovascular Diseases 2002, 13(Suppl. 2), 48-52.
• Johnson M, Court J, Perry E, Kalaria R, McKeith I, Jaros E, Perry R, Naslund J, Religa D. Tobacco use is associated with attenuation of beta-amyloidosis in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of normal elderly individuals. In: Neurobiology of Aging. 2002, Elsevier Inc.
• Kalaria R. Traditional medicines and strategy for Africa. NeuroReport 2002, 13(10), 1237.
• Kalaria RN. Advances in molecular genetics and pathology of cerebrovascular disorders. Trends in Neurosciences 2001, 24(7), 392-400.
• Kalaria R. HAART and war with HIV-associated CNS dysfunction. NeuroReport 2001, 12(3), A13.
• Kalaria RN. Microvascular degeneration and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in late-onset dementia. In: Amyloid. 2001, Informa Healthcare.
• Kalaria RN, Ince PG, Kenny RA, McKeith IG, Morris CM, O'Brien JT, Perry EK, Perry RH, Edwardson JA. Multiple substrates of late-onset dementia: implications for brain protection. Ageing Vulnerability: Causes and Interventions: Novartis Foundation Symposium 235 2001, 235, 49-65.
• Kalaria RN, Ballard CG, Ince PG, Kenny RA, McKeith IG, Morris CM, O'Brien JT, Perry EK, Perry RH, Edwardson JA. Multiple substrates of late-onset dementia: Implications for brain protection. Ageing Vulnerability: Causes and Interventions: Novartis Foundation Symposium 235 2001, 235, 49-65.
• Kalaria R. Neuroscience publications for Africa and developing countries. NeuroReport 2001, 12(14), A85-A85.
• Kalaria R. "Brain awareness" in Africa. NeuroReport: for rapid communication of neuroscience research 2000, 11(12), A1-A1.
• Blank SC, Lyall R, Bushby KMD, Keers S, Coulthard A, Street E, Morris C, Kalaria RN, Ince P, Burn DJ. CADASIL in a British family: a multidisciplinary approach with NOTCH 3 mutation analysis. BRAIN, (In Press)<br>(Article) 2000.
• Unlu M, de Lange RPJ, de Silva R, Kalaria R, Clair DS. Detection of complement factor B in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy disease using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Neuroscience Letters 2000, 282(3), 149-152.
• Thomas AJ, Morris CM, Ferrier IN, Kalaria RN. Distribution of amyloid beta(42) in relation to the cerebral microvasculature in an elderly cohort with Alzheimer's disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 2000, 903, 83-88.
• Thomas AJ, Morris CM, Ferrier IN, Kalaria RN. Distribution of amyloid β42 in relation to the cerebral microvasculature in an elderly cohort with Alzheimer's disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2000, 903, 83-88.
• Thomas AJ, Ferrier IN, Kalaria RN, Woodward SA, Ballard C, Oakley A, Perry RH, O'Brien JT. Elevation in late-life depression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. United States: American Psychiatric Association, 2000. American Journal of Psychiatry.
• Thomas AJ, Ferrier IN, Kalaria RN, Woodward SA, Ballard C, Oakley A, Perry RH, O'Brien JT. Elevation in late-life depression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. American Journal of Psychiatry 2000, 157(10), 1682-1684.
• Thomas NJ, Morris CM, Scaravilli F, Johansson J, Rossor M, De Lange R, St Clair D, Nicoll J, Blank C, Coulthard A, Bushby K, Ince PG, Burn D, Kalaria RN. Hereditary vascular dementia linked to notch 3 mutations - CADASIL in British families. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2000, 903, 293-298.
• Thomas NJ, Morris CM, Scaravilli F, Johansson J, Rossor M, De Lange R, St Clair D, Nicoll J, Blank C, Coulthard A, Bushby K, Ince PG, Burn D, Kalaria RN. Hereditary vascular dementia linked to Notch 3 mutations: CADASIL in British families. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2000, 903, 293-298.
• Kalaria RN, Cookson NJ, Mizuno T, Oakley A, Singleton AB, Morris CM, Coulthard A, Blank SC, Bushby KMD, Nicoll J, De Lange RPJ, Burn DJ, St Clair D. Microvascular pathology in familial multi-infarct dementia or CADASIL: implications for cerebral blood flow. In: Fukuuchi, Y; Tomita, M; Koto, A, ed. Ischemic Blood Flow in the Brain. Tokyo, New York: Springer, 2000, pp.431-442.
• Ballard C, McKeith I, O'Brien J, Kalaria R, Jaros E, Ince P, Perry R. Neuropathological substrates of dementia and depression in vascular dementia. with a particular focus on cases with small infarct volumes. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2000, 11(2), 59-65.
• Kalaria RN. Notch in health and disease. In: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE. 2000.
• Kalaria R. Who to support tropical disease research programmes in Africa. NEUROREPORT 2000, 11(18), A15-A15.
• Kalaria RN. Cerebral endothelial activation and signal transduction mechanisms during inflammation and infectious disease. American Journal of Pathology 1999, 154(5), 1311-1314.
• Su GC, Arendash GW, Kalaria RN, Bjugstad KB, Mullan M. Intravascular infusions of soluble β-amyloid compromise the blood- brain barrier, activate CNS glial cells and induce peripheral hemorrhage. Brain Research 1999, 818(1), 105-117.
• Kalaria RN. The blood-brain barrier and cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease. In: Oxidative/Energy Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Disorders. 1999, Rockefeller University, New York City: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
• Kalaria RN. The blood-brain barrier and cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease. In: Oxidative/Energy Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Disorders. 1999, New York, NY: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
• Kalaria RN. The tau question and cytoskeletal anomalies in neurodegenerative disorders. NeuroReport 1999, 10(5), i-ii.