Newcastle University

Pre Requisite Comment

N/A

Co Requisite Comment

N/A

Aims

To introduce students to topics in electrical engineering and control including polyphase circuits; polyphase synchronous machines; polyphase induction machines; three-phase transformers; three-phase distribution systems; electric drives; system modelling and simulation using Matlab/Simulink; analytical and numerical solutions of dynamic systems; transfer functions and time domain response; open loop and closed loop control; PID and root locus based control.

Outline Of Syllabus

Introduction to       dynamic systems and control: System modelling using Ordinary Differential Equations ODEs; modelling of electrical, mechanical and electromechanical systems; introduction to the use of Matlab/Simulink in studying system dynamics.
Analytic and Numerical solution methods of ODEs: first order, second order and higher order systems; analytic methods to solve ODEs; numerical solutions using Matlab/Simulink.
Transfer functions: Laplace transform and s-domain; transfer function; characteristic equation and order; pole-zero map; damping and system stability; final value theorem; transfer functions in Matlab.
Time domain characteristics: response of first order, second order and higher order systems to different types of input; time response characteristics of first and second order systems. Time response using Matlab/Simulink.
Closed loop systems: feedback control; open loop and closed loop transfer function; system type and error constants; steady state error with inputs for different system types.
Root Locus: simple root locus; root locus using Matlab; graphical method; angle and magnitude conditions      
PID control: fundamental operation of PID control; tuning of PID controllers using trial and error, Ziegler Nichols I method, Ziegler Nichols II method and Root Locus method.      
Design Based on Root Locus: Effect of pole/zero placement; Lead Control; Lag Control; Lead - Lag Control.
Polyphase Circuits: Balanced 3 phase circuits, 3 phase phasor representations; summation of currents to zero; neutral; star and delta connections;
Polyphase Synchronous Machines: Production of rotating field by balanced excitation of polyphase windings; concept of synchronous operation; theory of synchronous operation; theory of synchronous machine with uniform airgap. Equivalent circuits, voltage equations, alternative sink and source conventions, typical phasor diagrams, electrical power as a function of load angle; operation characteristics with constant power and varying excitation, relationships to phasor diagrams; torque angle.
Polyphase Induction Machines: Transition from synchronous to asynchronous operation; derivation of exact equivalent circuit; modification of exact equivalent circuit by application of Thevenin’s theorem; relationships between 'rotor current', mechanical power, and torque; condition for torque to be maximum; effect of changing rotor resistance on current and torque characteristics.
Electrical Drives: Review of simple AC drives, 3-phase PWM voltage source inverter; freewheel diode function, dead-time requirements; analogue implementation of 3-phase PWM, constant voltage per hertz control of an induction machine; Basic PM synchronous motor drive.
Three-phase Transformers: 3 phase transformer construction; star and delta connection and effect on primary / secondary voltages and currents; phase shifts; reflected impedance.
Three phase Distribution Systems: 3-phase power system analysis; per-unit system; reasons for per-units; choice of base, single phase representation of balanced polyphase operation.

Intended Knowledge Outcomes

Understand basic theory of control engineering and the system behaviour when subjected to demanded signals.
Knowledge of three term control system compensation, PID.
Knowledge of system stability using time and frequency domain characteristics.
Knowledge of using CAD packages in the analysis and design of dynamic control systems.
An understanding of items of electrical power equipment and systems.
An awareness of Induction and Synchronous AC machines, three-phase transformers, and their construction and operation.
A basic awareness of power systems and operation.

Intended Skill Outcomes

Ability to analyse control systems and AC power equipment and systems.

Teaching Rationale And Relationship

Non synchronous activities provide the core materials as well as guidance for further reading. Synchronous small group teaching offer the opportunity for practice in the analysis of a system's models and a system's behaviour. Some aspects of the course are further re-enforced through MATLAB Simulation.

Alternatives will be offered to students unable to be present-in-person due to the prevailing C-19 circumstances.
Student’s should consult their individual timetable for up-to-date delivery information.

Assessment Rationale And Relationship

There are three assessment methods for this module;
A coursework assessing the students' knowledge of the core material of the machines part.
A 3-hour open book assessment carried out with access to lecture notes and use of Matlab/Simulink simulation software. This is to assess the students' ability to apply the course material to a more practical situation, in simulating and obtaining results from various control scenarios.
Formative assessment of the students’ Matlab-based simulation work.

General Notes

N/A