Heritage Executive Team

Role in School/Faculty

As Director of Research in Linguistics, I provide leadership and strategic direction for research in Language and Linguistics within the School of English Literature, Language and Linguistics as well as in the Schools of Education, Communication and Language Sciences and Modern Languages.

Biography

BA (Hons.) Linguistics and Old and Middle English (University College, Dublin)

PhD English Language (University College, Dublin)

Member of the UKRI Future Leaders Fellowships Programme Peer Review College

National Museum of Language, Washington D.C.'s Leadership Council Board Member for the UK

President, International Society for the Linguistics of English

Research Expertise

As Professor of Linguistics and English language, my areas of research expertise are:

• Acquisition of Variation
• Bilingualism and Language Contact
• Celtic Englishes and North Eastern English Dialects
• Colonial Englishes
• Corpus Linguistics
• Historical English Linguistics
• Language Variation and Change
• Language and Migration
• Sociolinguistics and the Sociology of Language
• Variation and Syntactic Theory

I regularly engage in collaborative projects with educators, libraries and heritage organisations and am an Executive Board member of Newcastle University's Centre of Research Excellence in Heritage. I currently supervise an AHRC Collaborative Doctoral Award involving staff at the British Library, Queen's University, Belfast and National Museums Northern Ireland.

I am also experienced in developing innovative practice and research in teaching and learning, with a particular focus on decolonizing the curriculum and developing transferable skills to enhance employability.

Language Expertise

I have expertise in Modern (particularly Ulster) Irish as well as in Old, Middle and Early Modern English.

Research Summary

My research interests are wide and varied and I have led funded projects on topics including:

•Language, Migration and Identity: My current project, Múin Béarla do na Leanbháin (‘Teach the Children English’), addresses the socio-cultural and linguistic impact on Northern Ireland of its changing population in the 21st century. It also compares the experiences of contemporary immigrants with those of Northern Irish emigrants historically. A central focus is the loss in immigrant and colonial contexts of first languages and the acquisition of variation in second languages by young bilinguals. Key publications include: Linguistic Communities and Migratory Processes (2020); ‘From Killycomain to Melbourne’ (2020) and ‘Northmen, Southmen, comrades all?’ (2020) (with Chloé Diskin).

•Corpus Creation and Digitization: This research preserved the intangible sound heritage of North East England by developing state-of-the-art computational methods for enhancing and future-proofing legacy dialect data. The corpora are Open Access via the following links: (1) Newcastle Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English; (2) Diachronic Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English; (3) Talk of the Toon. Key publications include: Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora, Vol.1: Synchronic Databases (2007a) and Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora, Vol.2: Diachronic Databases (2007b) (with Joan Beal and Hermann Moisl) as well as Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora, Vol.3: Databases for Public Engagement (2016) (with Adam Mearns).

•Contact, Change and Variation: This research strand developed from my 1997 doctorate. It was further extended in The Empire Speaks Back: Irish English as a Post-Colonial Dialect which conducted the first 21^st century dialectological survey of Northern Ireland. The resultant analyses of discourse-pragmatics, lexis, morphosyntax and phonology situate Northern Irish English dialects globally as well as within the context of other British Isles’ varieties. The latter include North Eastern Englishes which my work shows to retain features inherited from intensive Irish immigration during the Great Famine era. Resources from the project are available on Open Access here: http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/dialects/ni.html. Key publications include: Dialects of English, Vol. 1: Northern Ireland (2010a); ‘The impact of nineteenth century Celtic English migrations on contemporary Northern Englishes’ (2010) (with Joan Beal); ‘“I always think of people here, you know, saying ‘like’ after every sentence”’ (2015); ‘Transatlantic perspectives on variation in negative expressions’ (2018) (with Claire Childs, Christopher Harvey and Sali Tagliamonte).

•Socio-Syntax: My contribution to this field also arose from my doctoral studies which pioneered a theoretical model for examining sociolinguistic variation historically within a Principles and Parameters framework. Publications include: ‘What are small clauses doing in South Armagh English, Irish and Planter English?’ (2000); ‘For-to infinitives and beyond’ (2003); ‘Language contact and grammatical theory’ (2010b). My collaboration with Leonie Cornips to further extend this model to account for variation in Heerlen Dutch and South Armagh English was a catalyst for exchange and debate between variationists and syntacticians that continues to this day. The research was facilitated by an Exchange Fellowship funded by the British Council/Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research and a Leverhulme Trust Fellowship awarded to me for A Parametric Approach to Language Contact. Publications arising from this joint work included: Syntax and Variation (2005a) and ‘Convergence and divergence in grammar’ (2005b). These projects became a stepping-stone for further collaborative research exploring new methodologies and applying the model to other varieties of English in Dublin, Hawick (on the Scottish borders) and Newcastle. Publications include: ‘Judge not lest ye be judged’ (2011) (with Isabelle Buchstaller); ‘Is Dublin English ‘Alive alive oh’?’ (2012) (with Richard Edge and John Lonergan); ‘T-to-R and the Northern Subject Rule’ (2013) (with Isabelle Buchstaller, Anders Holmberg, Patrick Honeybone and Warren Maguire).

Learning and Teaching

I have developed innovative practice in teaching and learning, with a particular focus on decolonizing the curriculum and developing transferable skills to enhance employability. For instance, my contributions to the undergraduate 'Early English: Texts, Patterns and Varieties' module explore the colonisation of Ireland and North America historically. By examining the assumptions of the colonisers (e.g. that the Irish outside of regions where the Anglo-Normans dominated were 'Beyond the Pale'), students are encouraged to interrogate such assumptions and the language contact models and frameworks in which these biases can still be detected. Students who enrol in my 'Sociolinguistics and the Sociology of Language' module not only get the opportunity to contribute meaningfully to research by collecting data that feeds into the Diachronic Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English, but they develop interview and other communication skills which they are likely to require no matter what their career choices. 

Research Supervision

My areas of expertise for supervision of research are: Acquisition of Variation; Bilingualism and Language Contact; Corpus Linguistics; Dialects of English; Language and Migration; Language, Variation and Change; Sociolinguistics and the Sociology of Language; Socio-Syntax. (Suggestions for Inter-disciplinary projects are also encouraged.)

Recent and Current Research Student Projects:

Amand, M. (2019) A Sociophonetic Analysis of Tyneside English in the DECTE Corpus (Co-Tutelle, University of Paris-Diderot).

Ambusaidi, S. (2019). A Sociolinguistic Study of Dialect Contact and Change in Omani Arabic. Suaad is now Lecturer at Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.

Bueno-Amaro, J. (2021) Variation, Change, and Grammaticalization in Tyneside Teen Talk: A Sociolinguistic Study of Intensification and Emphasis (Research Excellence Academy Funding).

Hanna, R.E. (2019) Reader and Listener Responses to Asylum-Seekers’ Life Narratives: Language and Empathy (AHRC Northern Bridge Funding with QUB).

Lynch, S. (2021) Kosraean English: History, Development and Structure of an Emergent Micronesian Variety (Co-Tutelle, University of Bern).

Matthews, C.S. (2021-) Eavesdropping on our Past: Mapping the Oral Soundscape of Northern Irish English (AHRC Northern Bridge Collaborative Doctoral Award with QUB and National Museums Northern Ireland).

Rowe, E. (2021) “To Distill Golde out of Inke”: Metals, Metaphor, and the Materiality of Language in Early Modern England (AHRC Northern Bridge Funding).

Previous Research Student Projects:

Alsamdani, H. (2017) The Jihadist Discourse of Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (2003-2005). Hadi is now Assistant Professor, Allith University College, Umm Al Qura University, Saudi Arabia.

Shetewi, O. (2017) Acquisition of Sociolinguistic Variation in a Dialect Contact Situation: The Case of Palestinian Children and Adolescents in Syria. Ourooba now has a post-doctoral researcher position on the ESRC-funded project: Language Development in Arabic-Speaking Children in the Early Years.

Childs, C. (2016) Variation and Change in English Negation: A Cross-Dialectal Perspective (ESRC NINE Funding). Claire is now a lecturer at the University of York, UK.

Alruwayeh, M. (2015) Diglossic Code-Switching in Kuwaiti Newspapers.

Roberts, N. (2014) Sociolinguistic Variation on the Island of Martinique (AHRC Northern Bridge Funding). Nicholas is now Head of Sark School in the Channel Islands. 

Antonini, R. (2011) A Comparative Study of Attitudes Towards Irish in Revival and Survival Gaeltachtaí (British Association of Irish Studies Funding). Rachele is now Associate Professor, University of Bologna. 

Maguire, W. (2007) What is a Merger and can it be Reversed?: The Origin, Status and Reversal of the ‘NURSE’-‘NORTH’ Merger in Tyneside English. Warren is now Senior Lecturer, University of Edinburgh.

Ihemere, K. (2006) Language Choice and Language Shift in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria. Kelechukwu is now Senior Lecturer, University of Westminster.

Rowley, I. (2003) The Development of Functional Categories in First Language Acquisition. Irenie is now Senior Lecturer, Northumbria University. 

• Articles

  • Childs C, Harvey C, Corrigan KP, Tagliamonte SA. Transatlantic perspectives on variation in negative expressions. English Language and Linguistics 2020, 24(1), 23-47.
  • Corrigan K, Diskin C. 'Northmen, Southmen, comrades all'? The adoption of discourse like by migrants north and south of the Irish border. Language in Society 2020, 49(5), 745-773.
  • Fehringer C, Corrigan KP. The rise of the going to future in Tyneside English: evidence for further grammaticalisation. English World-Wide 2015, 36(2), 198-227.
  • Corrigan KP, Montgomery C. Special issue on sense of place in the history of English. English Language and Linguistics 2015, 19(2), 203-211.
  • Fehringer C, Corrigan KP. "You've got to sort of eh hoy the Geordie out": Modals of obligation and necessity in 50 years of Tyneside English. English Language and Linguistics 2015, 19(Special Issue 2), 355-381.
  • Fehringer C, Corrigan KP. "The Geordie accent has a bit of a bad reputation": internal and external constraints on stative possession in the Tyneside English of the 21st century. English Today 2015, 31(2), 38-50.
  • Buchstaller I, Corrigan KP, Holmberg A, Honeybone P, Maguire W. T-to-R and the Northern Subject Rule: questionnaire-based spatial, social and structural linguistics . English Language and Linguistics 2013, 17(1), 85-128.
  • Corrigan KP. Grammatical variation in Irish-English. English Today 2011, 27(2), 39-46.
  • Kretzchmar W, Anderson J, Beal JC, Corrigan KP, Opas-Hänninen L, Plichta B. Collaboration on Corpora for Regional and Social Analysis. Journal of English Linguistics 2006, 34(3), 172-205.
  • Corrigan KP. "What Bees to Be Maun Be": Aspects of deontic and epistemic modality in a northern dialect of Irish English. English World-Wide: A Journal of Varieties of English 2000, 21(1), 25-62.
  • Corrigan KP. Language contact and language shift in County Armagh, 1178-1659. Ulster Folklife 1999, 45, 54-69.
  • Corrigan KP. Plain Life Depicted in 'Fiery Shorthand': sociolinguistic aspects of the languages and dialects of Ulster and Scotland as portrayed in Scott's Waverley (1814) and Banim's The Boyne Water (1826). Scottish Language 1996, 14/15, 218-233.

• Authored Books

  • Corrigan KP. Linguistic Communities and Migratory Processes: Newcomers Acquiring Sociolinguistic Variation in Northern Ireland. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2020.
  • Corrigan KP. Irish English, volume 1 - Northern Ireland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2010.

• Book Chapters

  • Amador-Moreno CP, Avila-Ledesma NE, Corrigan KP. “You are some Foreigner – You are not even from this Country”: Comparative Perspectives on Historical and Contemporary Diasporas in an Irish Context. In: Lucek S; Amador-Moreno CP, ed. Expanding the Landscapes of Irish English Research: Papers in Honour of Dr Jeffrey L. Kallen. New York: Routledge, 2021, pp.38-53.
  • Corrigan KP. From Killycomain to Melbourne: Historical Contact and the Feature Pool. In: Beaman, KV; Buchstaller, I; Fox, S; Walker, JA, ed. Advancing Socio-Grammatical Variation and Change. New York: Routledge, 2020, pp.319-340.
  • Corrigan KP. Corpora for Regional and Social Analysis. In: Montgomery, C. and Moore, E, ed. Language and a Sense of Place: Studies in Language and Region. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
  • Mearns AJ, Corrigan KP, Buchstaller I. The Diachronic Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English and The Talk of the Toon: Issues in Preservation and Public Engagement. In: Corrigan, KP; Mearns, AJ, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora - Volume 3: Databases for Public Engagement. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, pp.177-120.
  • Corrigan KP, Mearns AJ. Taming Digital Texts, Voices and Images for the Wild: Models and Methods for Handling Unconventional Corpora to Engage the Public. In: Corrigan, KP; Mearns, AJ, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora - Volume 3: Databases for Public Engagement. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, pp.1-21.
  • Amador-Moreno C, Corrigan KP, McCafferty K, Moreton E. Migration Databases as Impact Tools in the Education and Heritage Sectors. In: Corrigan, KP; Mearns, AJ, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora - Volume 3: Databases for Public Engagement. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, pp.25-67.
  • Buchstaller I, Corrigan KP. Morphosyntactic features of Northern English. In: Hickey, R, ed. Researching Northern Englishes. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2015, pp.71-98.
  • Corrigan KP. ‘“I always think of people here, you know, saying ‘like’ after every sentence”: The dynamics of discourse-pragmatic markers in Northern Irish English. In: Amador-Moreno, C; McCafferty, K; and Vaughan, E, ed. Pragmatic Markers in Irish English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2015, pp.37-64.
  • Corrigan KP. The Atlantic Archipelago of the British Isles. In: Filppula, M., Klemola, J., Sharma, D, ed. Oxford Handbook of World Englishes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP, Mearns AJ, Moisl HL. The Diachronic Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English: Annotation practices and dissemination strategies. In: Durand, J; Gut, U; Kristoffersen, G, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Corpus Phonology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, pp.517-533.
  • Corrigan KP, Mearns AJ, Moisl HL. Feature-based versus aggregate analyses of the DECTE corpus: Phonological and morphological variability in Tyneside English. In: Szmrecsanyi, B; Walchli, B, ed. Aggregating Dialectology, Typology, and Register Analysis: Linguistic Variation in Text and Speech. Berlin, Germany: De Gruyter, 2014, pp.113-149.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP. Vignette 12c: Working with ‘unconventional’ existing data sources. In: Data Collection in Sociolinguistics: Methods and Applications. Taylor and Francis, 2013, pp.213-216.
  • Corrigan KP, Edge R, Lonergan J. Is Dublin English 'Alive Alive Oh'?. In: Migge, B., Chiosain, M.N, ed. New Perspectives on Irish English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012, pp.1-28.
  • Corrigan KP. GOAT vowel variants in the Diachronic Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English (DECTE). In: Nevalainen, T., Traugott, E, ed. The Oxford Handbook of the History of English. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp.90-93.
  • Corrigan KP. The “Art of making the best use of bad data”: Mining the Irish National Folklore Collection for evidence of linguistic contact, variation and change. In: Hickey, R, ed. Researching the Languages of Ireland. Uppsala: Uppsala University Press, 2011, pp.183-205.
  • Buchstaller I, Corrigan KP. Judge not lest ye be judged: Exploring methods for the collection of socio-syntactic data. In: Gregersen, F., Parrott, J., Quist, P, ed. Language Variation - European Perspectives III. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2011, pp.149-160.
  • Buchstaller I, Corrigan KP. How to make intuitions succeed: testing methods for analysing syntactic microvariation. In: Maguire, W., McMahon, A, ed. Analysing Variation in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011, pp.30-48.
  • Corrigan KP. Grammatical Theory and Language Contact. In: Hickey, R, ed. The Handbook of Language Contact. Oxford: Blackwell, 2010, pp.106-127.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP. The Impact of Nineteenth-Century Irish English Migrations on Contemporary Northern Englishes: Tyneside and Sheffield Compared. In: Penttila, E., Paulasto, H, ed. Language Contacts Meet English Dialects: Studies in Honour of Markku Filppula. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009, pp.231-258.
  • Corrigan KP. Irish Daughters of Northern British Relatives: Internal and External Constraints on the System of Relativisation in South Armagh English (SArE). In: Filppula, M., Klemola, J., Paulasto, H, ed. Vernacular Universals and Language Contacts: Evidence from Varieties of English and Beyond. London and New York: Routledge, 2009, pp.133-162.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP. 'Time and Tyne': a corpus-based study of variation and change in relativization strategies in Tyneside English. In: Elspaß, S; Langer, N; Scarloth, J; Vandenbussche, W, ed. Germanic Language Histories 'from Below' (1700-2000). Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2007, pp.99-114.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP, Moisl HL. Taming Digital Voices and Texts: models and methods for handling unconventional diachronic corpora. In: Beal, JC; Corrigan, KP; Moisl, HL, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora: Diachronic Databases. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, pp.1-15.
  • Allen W, Beal JC, Corrigan KP, Maguire W, Moisl HL. A linguistic 'time-capsule': The Newcastle Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English. In: Beal, JC; Corrigan, KP; Moisl, HL, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora: Diachronic Databases. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, pp.16-48.
  • Cornips L, Corrigan KP. Toward an Integrated Approach to Syntactic Variation: a retrospective and prospective synopsis. In: Cornips, L.; Corrigan, K.P, ed. Syntax and Variation: Reconciling the Biological and the Social. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2005, pp.1-30.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP. No, Nay, Never: Negation in Tyneside English. In: Iyeiri, Y, ed. Aspects of English Negation. Tokyo and Amsterdam: Yushodo Press and John Benjamins, 2005, pp.139-156.
  • Cornips L, Corrigan KP. Convergence and divergence in grammar. In: Auer, P., Hinskens, F., Kerswill, P, ed. Dialect Change : Convergence and Divergence in European Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp.96-134.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP. A Tale of Two Dialects: Relativization in Newcastle and Sheffield. In: Filppula M; Klemola J; Palander M; Penttilä E, ed. Dialects Across Borders: Selected papers from the 11th International Conference on Methods in Dialectology (Methods XI), Joensuu, August 2002. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2005, pp.211-229.
  • Corrigan KP. For-to Infinitives and Beyond : Interdisciplinary Approaches to Non-Finite Complementation in a Rural Celtic English. In: Tristram H.L.C, ed. The Celtic Englishes III. Heidelberg: Universitatsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, 2003, pp.318-338.
  • Antonini R, Corrigan KP, Wei Li. The Irish Language in the Republic of Ireland and in Northern Ireland. In: Ammon, U., Mattheier, K.J., Nelde, P, ed. Language Policy and Small Languages, Special Issue of Sociolinguistica: International Yearbook of European Sociolinguistics. Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, 2002, pp.118-128.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP. Relativisation in Tyneside English. In: Poussa, P, ed. Relativisation on the North Sea Littoral. Munich: Lincom Europa, 2002, pp.33-56.
  • Corrigan KP. What are 'Small Clauses' Doing in South Armagh English, Irish and Planter English?. In: Tristram, H.L.C, ed. Celtic Englishes II. Heidelberg: Carl Winter, 2000, pp.75-96.
  • Verma MK, Corrigan KP, Firth SA. Minority Children’s Heritage Language: Planning for non-preservation?. In: Wynn Thomas, P., Mathias, J, ed. Developing Minority Languages: The Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Minority Languages. Cardiff, UK: Department of Welsh, Cardiff University, 2000, pp.506-529.
  • Corrigan KP. Language Contact and Language Shift in County Armagh, 1178-1659. In: Mallory, J, ed. Linguistic Diversity in Ulster, Special Issue of Ulster Folklife. Holywood, County Down, Northern Ireland: Museums & Galleries of Northern Ireland, 1999, pp.54-69.
  • Corrigan KP. The Acquisition and Properties of a Contact Vernacular Grammar. In: Ahlqvist , A., Capková, V, ed. Dán Do Oide: Essays in Memory of Conn R. Ó Cleirigh. Dublin: The Linguistics Institute of Ireland, 1997, pp.75-93.
  • Verma MK, Corrigan KP, Firth SA. Issues in the Language Education of Bilingual Children. In: Verma, M.K., Corrigan, K.P., Firth, S.A, ed. Working with Bilingual Children: Good Practice in Primary Classrooms. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 1995, pp.94-108.
  • Corrigan KP. I gcuntas Dé múin Béarla do na leanbhain: Eisimirce agus an Ghaeilge sa naoú aois deag. In: O' Sullivan, P, ed. The Irish in the New Communities. Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press, 1992, pp.143-161.

• Conference Proceedings (inc. Abstract)

  • Verma MK, Corrigan KP, Firth SA. The Developing Phonological Systems of Panjabi/Urdu Speaking Children Learning English as a Second Language in Britain. In: New Sounds 1992, Proceedings of a Symposium on the Acquisition of Second Languages. 1992, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: University of Amsterdam.

• Edited Books

  • Corrigan KP, Mearns AJ, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora Volume 3: Databases for Public Engagement. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP, Moisl HL, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora, Volume 2: Diachronic Databases. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP, Moisl HL, ed. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora, Volume 1: Synchronic Databases. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
  • Cornips L, Corrigan KP, ed. Syntax and variation: reconciling the biological and the social. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2005.
  • Verma MK, Corrigan KP, Firth SA, ed. Working With Bilingual Children. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 1995.

• Online Publications

  • Childs C, Harvey C, Corrigan KP, Tagliamonte SA. ‘Comparative sociolinguistic insights in the evolution of negation’. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2015. Available at: https://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol21/iss2/4/.
  • Corrigan KP, Buchstaller I, Mearns AJ, Moisl HL. The Diachronic Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English. 2012.
  • Beal JC, Corrigan KP, Rayson P, Smith N. Writing the vernacular: Transcribing and tagging the Newcastle Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English (NECTE). University of Helsinki: The Research Unit for Variation, Contacts and Change in English (VARIENG), 2007. Available at: http://www.helsinki.fi/varieng/journal/volumes/01/beal_et_al/.

• Review

  • Corrigan KP. The ideology of nationalism and its impact on accounts of language shift in nineteenth century Ireland. AAA: Arbeiten aus Anglistik und Amerikanistik 2003, 28(2), 201-229.