Staff Profile

In March 2017, Paul took up the position of Professor of Data Science for Health in the Institute for Health and Society at Newcastle University. Previously, he was Professor of Infrastructural Epidemiology at the University of Bristol (2013-2017) and Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at the University of Leicester (1999-2013). With Madeleine Murtagh (Professor of Sociology, PEALS Centre, Newcastle University) he co-leads the transdisciplinary D2K (Data to Knowledge) Research Group.

Over his career, his research has encompassed three broad themes: 1) Methods research in biostatistics and genetic epidemiology –  focusing on generalized linear models (GLMs), generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and on Bayesian approaches to modelling and statistical inference, particularly when data exhibit a strong correlation structure; 2) Applied research in genetic epidemiology and complex disease epidemiology; and 3) Health Data Science with a focus on the design, set up and harmonization of biobanks/cohort studies, and in facilitating research access to national and international repositories of data and biosamples in ways that fully respect governance constraints and yet make the necessary procedures fast and efficient.

Within the D2K Research Group, Paul now focuses primarily on Health Data Science with a particular interest in the management and exploitation of ‘BIG’ and ‘complex’ data. How we rise to challenges in these domains will determine whether health science benefits as effectively as it might from the ‘data revolution’. Full advantage must therefore be taken of rapid developments in the methods and technology underpinning the generation, integration, and interpretation of data, and the translation of evidence into policy and clinical practice. In D2K it is believed that most of the key challenges in these domains require solutions that combine technical innovation with comprehensive understanding of, and rigorous accountability to, societal needs and perspectives. A transdisciplinary approach is therefore essential and D2K comprises a diverse team spanning infrastructural informatics through to social science and ethnography via epidemiology and biostatistics.

Paul’s current research program encompasses biostatistics, epidemiology and informatics - including their associated social and ethico-legal dimensions. It focuses on the development, evaluation and application of systems and tools to facilitate: 1) streamlined well-governanced access to health-related data - whether they be intended for frontline care, health care planning or for research (the Connected Health City and 58FORWARDS projects; and 2) privacy-protected co-analysis – including federated co-analysis - of appropriately harmonized data from multiple sources (the DataSHIELD project).

Research

Paul’s current research program encompasses biostatistics, epidemiology and informatics - including their social and ethico-legal dimensions. It focuses on the development, evaluation and application of systems and tools to facilitate: 1) streamlined well-governanced access to health-related data (whether they be intended for frontline care, health care planning or for research); and 2) privacy-protected co-analysis – including federated co-analysis - of appropriately harmonized data from multiple sources. He views his most innovative work as centring around two major projects:

1. DataSHIELD (www.datashield.ac.uk; www.github.com/datashield) addresses the commonly encountered need in the biomedical and social sciences to analyse/co-analyse individual patient data (microdata) without physically sharing those data. Paul leads the DataSHIELD project as a whole with lead collaborators in McGill University, Montreal (Vincent Ferretti and Yannick Marcon), and the MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge (Tom Bishop).

The need to avoid physical data sharing may arise from: 1) ethical-legal restrictions relating to the sharing of, or access to, disclosive or sensitive data; 2) intellectual property or licensing issues associated with research access to raw data; or 3) the need to work with data objects that are too large to easily transfer. DataSHIELD can be of value in all three settings. It runs on open-source free-ware that is easily obtained and relatively straightforward to set up and implement. It enables the secure, distributed, web-based, analysis of sensitive microdata from one data source or from several sources simultaneously (Wolfson M, et al., 2010; Gaye A, et al., 2014, Wilson R, et al.,2017). DataSHIELD avoids the need to physically transfer data and prevents those data from being accessed or visualised by the user. It also has built in safeguards protecting against inferential disclosure based on analytic results. Given these features, DataSHIELD can legitimately ‘lower the bar’ of the governance procedures deemed necessary to oversee research access to data and can simplify and streamline the formalised data access procedures that often apply to health-related microdata. As well as simplifying procedures for data access it can also mitigate the need for direct human scrutiny – which is both error prone and expensive - when analytic results are released from a secure analysis environment (e.g. a secure data laboratory).

2. Connected Health Cities (CHC). There are four CHC projects across the North of England. Each CHC region aims to unite health and social care services by sharing and linking data in order to improve the health of local people. Paul is Principal Investigator (PI) for CHC (NENC) – North East and North Cumbria – which is based in Newcastle. The project team is led by Joe McDonald, Nick Booth and Mark Walsh. The overall CHC program is led by John Ainsworth, University of Manchester. The signature development to date under CHC (NENC) has been the Great North Care Record (GNCR: www.greatnorthcarerecord.org.uk): key health data from primary care including principal diagnoses, medications, details of hospitals admissions and treatments are made readily – but securely - available to other healthcare services including hospitals, out of hours GPs and ambulance services. The service covers patients from 96% of GPs across the NENC region and with ~45,000 uses per month is now firmly embedded as a key frontline service contributing to health and care. Working with cloud service provider AIMES and with Tiani-Spirit (infrastructure and middleware to exchange health information) and ARJUNA (innovation in distributed computing), CHC (NENC) is now focused on building an ARK (Trusted Research Environment) joined to a Health Information Exchange. These are key components of a Learning Health System – an ultimate aim of the developments and prototyping under CHC.

In addition, Paul is PI of 58-FORWARDS, a grant jointly awarded by MRC and Wellcome Trust (WT) that funds maintenance and enhancement of the infrastructure underpinning access to data and biosamples from the Biomedical Resource of the 1958 Birth Cohort (1958BC). He leads the Technical Review Team of the METADAC (MRC, ESRC, WT) which oversees access to biological data and samples from five major UK cohorts including 1958BC.  He is also Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Edmonton-based Alberta Tomorrow Project and a member of the Expert Advisory Group for Data Access (EAGDA) which advises WT, MRC, ESRC and CRUK on strategic issues in research data access.

• Wilson RC, Butters OW, Avraam D, Baker J, Tedds JA, Turner A, Murtagh M, Burton PR. DataSHIELD – New Directions and Dimensions. Data Science Journal 2017, 16, 21.
• Burton PR, Banner N, Elliot MJ, Knoppers BM, Banks J. Policies and strategies to facilitate secondary use of research data in the health sciences. International Journal of Epidemiology 2017, 46(6), 1729-1733.
• Avraam D, Wilson RC, Burton P. Synthetic ALSPAC longitudinal datasets for the Big Data VR project. Wellcome Open Research 2017, 2, 74.
• Murtagh MJ, Minion JT, Turner A, Wilson RC, Blell M, Ochieng C, Murtagh B, Roberts S, Butters OW, Burton PR. The ECOUTER methodology for stakeholder engagement in translational research. BMC Medical Ethics 2017, 18(1), 24.
• Burton PR, Murtagh MJ, Boyd A, Williams JB, Dove ES, Wallace SE, Tasse AM, Little J, Chisholm RL, Gaye A, Hveem K, Brookes AJ, Goodwin P, Fistein J, Bobrow M, Knoppers BM. Data Safe Havens in health research and health care. Bioinformatics 2015, 31(20), 3241–3248.
• Budin-Ljosne I, Burton P, Isaeva J, Gaye A, Turner A, Murtagh MJ, Wallace S, Ferretti V, Harris JR. DataSHIELD: An ethically robust solution to multiple-site individual-level data analysis. Public Health Genomics 2015, 18(2), 87-96.
• Gaye A, Burton TWY, Burton PR. ESPRESSO: taking into account assessment errors on outcome and exposures in power analysis for association studies. BIOINFORMATICS 2015, 31(16), 2691-2696.
• Timpson NJ, Walter K, Min JL, Tachmazidou I, Malerba G, Shin S-Y, Chen L, Futema M, Southam L, Iotchkova V, Cocca M, Huang J, Memari Y, McCarthy S, Danecek P, Muddyman D, Mangino M, Menni C, Perry JRB, Ring SM, Gaye A, Dedoussis G, Farmaki A-E, Burton P, Talmud PJ, Gambaro G, Spector TD, Smith GD, Durbin R, Richards JB, Humphries SE, Zeggini E, Soranzo N, Turki SA, Anderson C, Anney R, Antony D, Artigas MS, Ayub M, Balasubramaniam S, Barrett JC, Barroso I, Beales P, Bentham J, Bhattacharya S, Birney E, Blackwood D, Bobrow M, Bochukova E, Bolton P, Bounds R, Boustred C, Breen G, Calissano M, Carss K, Chatterjee K, Ciampi A, Cirak S, Clapham P, Clement G, Coates G, Collier D, Cosgrove C, Cox T, Craddock N, Crooks L, Curran S, Curtis D, Daly A, Day-Williams A, Day INM, Down T, Du Y, Dunham I, Edkins S, Ellis P, Evans D, Faroogi S, Fatemifar G, Fitzpatrick DR, Flicek P, Flyod J, Foley AR, Franklin CS, Gallagher L, Gaunt T, Geihs M, Geschwind D, Greenwood C, Griffin H, Grozeva D, Guo X, Guo X, Gurling H, Hart D, Hendricks A, Holmans P, Howie B, Huang L, Hubbard T, Hurles ME, Hysi P, Jackson DK, Jamshidi Y, Jing T, Joyce C, Kaye J, Keane T, Keogh J, Kemp J, Kennedy K, Kolb-Kokocinski A, Lachance G, Langford C, Lawson D, Lee I, Lek M, Liang J, Lin H, Li R, Li Y, Liu R, Lonnqvist J, Lopes M, Lotchkova V, MacArthur D, Marchini J, Maslen J, Massimo M, Mathieson I, Marenne G, McGuffin P, McIntosh A, McKechanie AG, McQuillin A, Metrustry S, Mitchison H, Moayyeri A, Morris J, Muntoni F, Northstone K, O'Donnovan M, Onoufriadis A, O'Rahilly S, Oualkacha K, Owen MJ, Palotie A, Panoutsopoulou K, Parker V, Parr JR, Paternoster L, Paunio T, Payne F, Pietilainen O, Plagnol V, Quaye L, Quail MA, Raymond L, Rehnstrom K, Richards B, Ritchie GRS, Roberts N, Savage DB, Scambler P, Schiffels S, Schmidts M, Schoenmakers N, Semple RK, Serra E, Sharp SI, Shihab H, Skuse D, Small K, Spasic-Boskovic O, Clair DS, Stalker J, Stevens E, Pourcian BS, Sun J, Surdulescu G, Suvisaari J, Tachmazidou I, Tobin MD, Valdes A, Van Kogelenberg M, Vijayarangakannan P, Visscher PM, Wain LV, Walters JTR, Wang G, Wang J, Wang Y, Ward K, Wheeler E, Whyte T, Williams H, Williamson KA, Wilson C, Wilson SG, Wong K, Xu C, Yang J, Zhang F, Zhang P, Zheng H-F. A rare variant in APOC3 is associated with plasma triglyceride and VLDL levels in Europeans. Nature Communications 2014, 5, 4871.
• Gaye A, Marcon Y, Isaeva J, Laflamme P, Turner A, Jones EM, Minion J, Boyd AW, Newby CJ, Nuotio M, Wilson R, Butters O, Murtagh B, Demir I, Doiron D, Giepmans L, Wallace SE, Budin-ljosne I, Oliver schmidt C, Boffetta P, Boniol M, Bota M, Carter KW, Deklerk N, Dibben C, Francis RW, Hiekkalinna T, Hveem K, Kvaloy K, Millar S, Perry IJ, Peters A, Phillips CM, Popham F, Raab G, Reischl E, Sheehan N, Waldenberger M, Perola M, Van den heuvel E, Macleod J, Knoppers BM, Stolk RP, Fortier I, Harris JR, Woffenbuttel BHR, Murtagh MJ, Ferretti V, Burton PR. DataSHIELD: Taking the analysis to the data, not the data to the analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology 2014, 43(6), 1929-1944.
• van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Nuotio M-L, Slagter SN, Doiron D, Fischer K, Foco L, Gaye A, Gogele M, Heier M, Hiekkalinna T, Joensuu A, Newby C, Pang C, Partinen E, Reischl E, Schwienbacher C, Tammesoo M-L, Swertz MA, Burton P, Ferretti V, Fortier I, Giepmans L, Harris JR, Hillege HL, Holmen J, Jula A, Kootstra-Ros JE, Kvaloy K, Holmen TL, Mannisto S, Metspalu A, Midthjell K, Murtagh MJ, Peters A, Pramstaller PP, Saaristo T, Salomaa V, Stolk RP, Uusitupa M, van der Harst P, van der Klauw MM, Waldenberger M, Perola M, Wolffenbuttel BHR. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and metabolically healthy obesity in Europe: A collaborative analysis of ten large cohort studies. BMC Endocrine Disorders 2014, 14, 9.
• Murtagh MJ, Demir I, Jenkings KN, Wallace SE, Murtagh B, Boniol M, Bota M, Laflamme P, Boffetta P, Ferretti V, Burton PR. Securing the Data Economy: Translating Privacy and Enacting Security in the Development of DataSHIELD. Public Health Genomics 2012, 15(5), 243-253.
• Cai Y, Zijlema WL, Doiron D, Blangiardo M, Burton PR, Fortier I, Gaye A, Gulliver J, De Hoogh K, Hveem K, Mbatchou S, Morley DW, Stolk RP, Elliott P, Hansell AL, Hodgson S. Ambient air pollution, traffic noise and adult asthma prevalence: a BioSHaRE approach. European Respiratory Journal 2017, 49(1), 1502127.
• Song C, Burgess S, Eicher JD, O'Donnell CJ, Johnson AD, Huang J, Sabater-Lleal M, Asselbergs FW, Tregouet D, Shin S-Y, Ding J, Baumert J, Oudot-Mellakh T, Folkersen L, Smith NL, Williams SM, Ikram MA, Kleber ME, Becker DM, Truong V, Mychaleckyj JC, Tang W, Yang Q, Sennblad B, Moore JH, Williams FMK, Dehghan A, Silbernagel G, Schrijvers EMC, Smith S, Karakas M, Tofler GH, Silveira A, Navis GJ, Lohman K, Chen M-H, Peters A, Goel A, Hopewell JC, Chambers JC, Saleheen D, Lundmark P, Psaty BM, Strawbridge RJ, Boehm BO, Carter AM, Meisinger C, Peden JF, Bis JC, McKnight B, Ohrvik J, Taylor K, Franzosi MG, Seedorf U, Collins R, Franco-Cereceda A, Syvanen A-C, Goodall AH, Yanek LR, Cushman M, Muller-Nurasyid M, Folsom AR, Basu S, Matijevic N, van Gilst WH, Kooner JS, Danesh J, Clarke R, Meigs JB, Kathiresan S, Reilly MP, Klopp N, Harris TB, Winkelmann BR, Grant PJ, Hillege HL, Watkins H, Spector TD, Becker LC, Tracy RP, Marz W, Uitterlinden AG, Eriksson P, Cambien F, Morange P-E, Koenig W, Soranzo N, van der Harst P, Liu Y, Hamsten A, Ehret GB, Munroe PB, Rice KM, Bochud M, Chasman DI, Smith AV, Tobin MD, Verwoert GC, Hwang S-J, Pihur V, Vollenweider P, O'Reilly PF, Amin N, Bragg-Gresham JL, Teumer A, Glazer NL, Launer L, Zhao JH, Aulchenko Y, Heath S, Sober S, Parsa A, Luan J, Arora P, Zhang F, Lucas G, Hicks AA, Jackson AU, Tanaka T, Wild SH, Rudan I, Igl W, Milaneschi Y, Parker AN, Fava C, Fox ER, Kumari M, Go MJ, Linda Kao WH, Sjogren M, Vinay DG, Alexander M, Tabara Y, Shaw-Hawkins S, Whincup PH, Shi G, Kuusisto J, Tayo B, Seielstad M, Sim X, Nguyen K-DH, Lehtimaki T, Matullo G, Wu Y, Gaunt TR, Onland-Moret NC, Cooper MN, Platou CGP, Org E, Hardy R, Dahgam S, Palmen J, Vitart V, Braund PS, Kuznetsova T, Uiterwaal CSPM, Adeyemo A, Palmas W, Campbell H, Ludwig B, Tomaszewski M, Tzoulaki I, Palmer ND, Aspelund T, Garcia M, Chang Y-PC, O'Connell JR, Steinle NI, Grobbee DE, Arking DE, Kardia SL, Morrison AC, Hernandez D, Najjar S, McArdle WL, Hadley D, Brown MJ, Connell JM, Hingorani AD, Day INM, Lawlor DA, Beilby JP, Lawrence RW, Ongen H, Dreisbach AW, Li Y, Young JH, Kahonen M, Viikari J, Adair LS, Lee NR, Olden M, Pattaro C, Hoffman Bolton JA, Kottgen A, Bergmann S, Mooser V, Chaturvedi N, Frayling TM, Islam M, Jafar TH, Erdmann J, Kulkarni SR, Bornstein SR, Grassler J, Groop L, Voight BF, Kettunen J, Howard P, Taylor A, Guarrera S, Ricceri F, Emilsson V, Plump A, Barroso I, Khaw K-T, Weder AB, Hunt SC, Sun YV, Bergman RN, Collins FS, Bonnycastle LL, Scott LJ, Stringham HM, Peltonen L, Perola M, Vartiainen E, Brand S-M, Staessen JA, Wang TJ, Burton PR, Artigas MS, Dong Y, Snieder H, Wang X, Zhu H, Lohman KK, Rudock ME, Heckbert SR, Wiggins KL, Doumatey A, Shriner D, Veldre G, Viigimaa M, Kinra S, Prabhakaran D, Tripathy V, Langefeld CD, Rosengren A, Thelle DS, Corsi AM, Singleton A, Forrester T, Hilton G, McKenzie CA, Salako T, Iwai N, Kita Y, Ogihara T, Ohkubo T, Okamura T, Ueshima H, Umemura S, Eyheramendy S, Meitinger T, Wichmann H-E, Cho YS, Kim H-L, Lee J-Y, Scott J, Sehmi JS, Zhang W, Hedblad B, Nilsson P, Smith GD, Wong A, Narisu N, Stancakova A, Raffel LJ, Yao J, Schwartz SM, Arfan Ikram M, Longstreth WT, Mosley TH, Seshadri S, Shrine NRG, Wain LV, Morken MA, Swift AJ, Laitinen J, Prokopenko I, Zitting P, Cooper JA, Humphries SE, Rasheed A, Bakker SJL, Janipalli CS, Mani KR, Yajnik CS, Mattace-Raso FUS, Oostra BA, Demirkan A, Isaacs A, Rivadeneira F, Lakatta EG, Orru M, Scuteri A, Ala-Korpela M, Kangas AJ, Lyytikainen L-P, Soininen P, Tukiainen T, Wurtz P, Ong RT-H, Dorr M, Kroemer HK, Volker U, Volzke H, Galan P, Hercberg S, Lathrop M, Zelenika D, Deloukas P, Mangino M, Zhai G, Meschia JF, Nalls MA, Sharma P, Terzic J, Kumar MVK, Denniff M, Zukowska-Szczechowska E, Wagenknecht LE, Fowkes FGR, Charchar FJ, Schwarz PEH, Hayward C, Guo X, Rotimi C, Bots ML, Brand E, Samani NJ, Polasek O, Talmud PJ, Nyberg F, Kuh D, Laan M, Hveem K, Palmer LJ, van der Schouw YT, Casas JP, Mohlke KL, Vineis P, Raitakari O, Ganesh SK, Wong TY, Shyong Tai E, Cooper RS, Laakso M, Rao DC, Morris RW, Dominiczak AF, Kivimaki M, Marmot MG, Miki T, Chandak GR, Coresh J, Navis G, Salomaa V, Han B-G, Zhu X, Melander O, Ridker PM, Bandinelli S, Gyllensten UB, Wright AF, Wilson JF, Ferrucci L, Farrall M, Tuomilehto J, Pramstaller PP, Elosua R, Sijbrands EJG, Altshuler D, Loos RJF, Gieger C, Meneton P, Wareham NJ, Gudnason V, Rotter JI, Rettig R, Uda M, Strachan DP, Witteman JCM, Hartikainen A-L, Beckmann JS, Boerwinkle E, Vasan RS, Boehnke M, Larson MG, Jarvelin M-R, Abecasis GR, Chakravarti A, Elliott P, van Duijn CM, Newton-Cheh C, Levy D, Caulfield MJ, Johnson T, van der Lugt A, Shuldiner AR, Hofman A, Kraja AT, Uitterlinden A, Ziegler A, Newman AB, Schillert A, Oostra B, Thorsson B, Mitchell BD, Fox CS, White CC, Ballantyne C, Duijn C, Herrington DM, O'Leary DH, Siscovick DS, Couper DJ, Halperin E, Stoegerer E-M, Ernst F, Krestin GP, Homuth G, Heiss G, Usala G, Eiriksdottir G, Shen H, Erich Wichmann H, Schmidt H, Borecki IB, Markus HS, Witteman J, Ludemann J, Huffman JE, Murabito JM, Thiery J, Seissler J, Massaro JM, Polak JF, Cunningham J, North K, Petrovic KE, Rice K, Adrienne Cupples L, Bielak LF, Launer LJ, Andrade M, Feitosa MF, Kavousi M, Sitzer M, Oudkerk M, Province MA, Nalls M, Franceschini N, Peyser PA, Wolf PA, Zhang Q, Wild PS, Schnabel RB, D'Agostino RB, Chilukoti RK, Schmidt R, Sanna S, Demissie S, Sigurdsson S, Blankenberg S, Bevan S, Elias-Smale SE, Zeller T, Illig T, Munzel T, Howard TD, Hoffmann U, Schminke U, Nambi V, Post WS, Rathmann W, Li X, Cheng Y-C. Causal effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 on coronary heart disease. Journal of the American Heart Association 2017, 6(6), e004918.
• Zijlema W, Cai Y, Doiron D, Mbatchou S, Fortier I, Gulliver J, de Hoogh K, Morley D, Hodgson S, Elliott P, Key T, Kongsgard H, Hveem K, Gaye A, Burton P, Hansell A, Stolk R, Rosmalen J. Corrigendum to “Road traffic noise, blood pressure and heart rate: Pooled analyses of harmonized data from 88,336 participants” [Environ. Res. 151 (2016) 804–813]. Environmental Research 2017, 152, 520-.
• Cai Y, Hansell AL, Blangiardo M, Burton PR, De Hoogh K, Doiron D, Fortier I, Gulliver J, Hveem K, Mbatchou S, Morley DW, Stolk RP, Zijlema WL, Elliott P, Hodgson S. Long-term exposure to road traffic noise, ambient air pollution, and cardiovascular risk factors in the HUNT and lifelines cohorts. European Heart Journal 2017, 38(29), 2290-2296.
• Tachmazidou I, Suveges D, Min JL, Ritchie GRS, Steinberg J, Walter K, Iotchkova V, Schwartzentruber J, Huang J, Memari Y, McCarthy S, Crawford AA, Bombieri C, Cocca M, Farmaki A-E, Gaunt TR, Jousilahti P, Kooijman MN, Lehne B, Malerba G, Mannisto S, Matchan A, Medina-Gomez C, Metrustry SJ, Nag A, Ntalla I, Paternoster L, Rayner NW, Sala C, Scott WR, Shihab HA, Southam L, St Pourcain B, Traglia M, Trajanoska K, Zaza G, Zhang W, Artigas MS, Bansal N, Benn M, Chen Z, Danecek P, Lin W-Y, Locke A, Luan J, Manning AK, Mulas A, Sidore C, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Varbo A, Zoledziewska M, Finan C, Hatzikotoulas K, Hendricks AE, Kemp JP, Moayyeri A, Panoutsopoulou K, Szpak M, Wilson SG, Boehnke M, Cucca F, Di Angelantonio E, Langenberg C, Lindgren C, McCarthy MI, Morris AP, Nordestgaard BG, Scott RA, Tobin MD, Wareham NJ, Burton P, Chambers JC, Smith GD, Dedoussis G, Felix JF, Franco OH, Gambaro G, Gasparini P, Hammond CJ, Hofman A, Jaddoe VWV, Kleber M, Kooner JS, Perola M, Relton C, Ring SM, Rivadeneira F, Salomaa V, Spector TD, Stegle O, Toniolo D, Uitterlinden AG, Barroso I, Greenwood CMT, Perry JRB, Walker BR, Butterworth AS, Xue Y, Durbin R, Small KS, Soranzo N, Timpson NJ, Zeggini E. Whole-Genome Sequencing Coupled to Imputation Discovers Genetic Signals for Anthropometric Traits. American Journal of Human Genetics 2017, 100(6), 865-884.
• Pattaro C, Teumer A, Gorski M, Chu AY, Li M, Mijatovic V, Garnaas M, Tin A, Sorice R, Li Y, Taliun D, Olden M, Foster M, Yang Q, Chen M-H, Pers TH, Johnson AD, Ko Y-A, Fuchsberger C, Tayo B, Nalls M, Feitosa MF, Isaacs A, Dehghan A, D'Adamo P, Adeyemo A, Dieffenbach AK, Zonderman AB, Nolte IM, Van Der Most PJ, Wright AF, Shuldiner AR, Morrison AC, Hofman A, Smith AV, Dreisbach AW, Franke A, Uitterlinden AG, Metspalu A, Tonjes A, Lupo A, Robino A, Johansson A, Demirkan A, Kollerits B, Freedman BI, Ponte B, Oostra BA, Paulweber B, Kramer BK, Mitchell BD, Buckley BM, Peralta CA, Hayward C, Helmer C, Rotimi CN, Shaffer CM, Muller C, Sala C, Van Duijn CM, Saint-Pierre A, Ackermann D, Shriner D, Ruggiero D, Toniolo D, Lu Y, Cusi D, Czamara D, Ellinghaus D, Siscovick DS, Ruderfer D, Gieger C, Grallert H, Rochtchina E, Atkinson EJ, Holliday EG, Boerwinkle E, Salvi E, Bottinger EP, Murgia F, Rivadeneira F, Ernst F, Kronenberg F, Hu FB, Navis GJ, Curhan GC, Ehret GB, Homuth G, Coassin S, Thun 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• Wallace SE, Gaye A, Shoush O, Burton PR. Protecting Personal Data in Epidemiological Research: DataSHIELD and UK Law. Public Health Genomics 2014, 17(3), 149-157.
• Newby C, Heaney LG, Menzies-Gow A, Niven RM, Mansur A, Bucknall C, Chaudhuri R, Thompson J, Burton P, Brightling C. Statistical cluster analysis of the british thoracic society severe refractory asthma registry: Clinical outcomes and phenotype stability. PLoS ONE 2014, 9(7), e102987.
• Gaye A, Peakman T, Tobin MD, Burton PR. Understanding the impact of pre-analytic variation in haematological and clinical chemistry analytes on the power of association studies. International Journal of Epidemiology 2014, 43(5), 1633-1644.