Related topics in Library Help

• Where can I find information on referencing?

  Our Referencing Guide offers a comprehensive introduction to academic referencing and links to further material on referencing styles, using reference management software (including Endnote) and avoiding plagiarism.

  The Referencing Guide also links to Cite them Right, which provides guidance on referencing a wide range of sources in a variety of styles. 

  Referencing Guide

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• How do I cite and reference a photo I have taken myself?

  In theory, you don't need to cite and reference a photograph that you have taken yourself. However, the reader won't know if it's your photo, or someone else's photo, so, to err on the side of caution, we recommend that you do cite and reference any photograph. 

  You definitely need to cite and reference a photograph that is a source of information, for example: a photograph of archive material, a photo of a poster, or a photograph of work of art in a museum or gallery which you are referring to in your work. 

  How to cite and reference photographs

  You will need to add a caption below the photography, e.g.:

  Figure 1: Image of the Siachen Glacier (Smith, 2024).

  Our 'How to reference images' guides give further guidance on how to add captions and reference your images. These Guides can be found attached to this FAQ and on the Refencing Guide.

   

  Cite Them Right suggests that you need the following information to reference a photograph in the Harvard style:

  Citation order:

  • Photographer
  • Year (in round brackets)
  • Title of photograph (in italics)
  • [Photograph]
  • Place of publication: Publisher (if available)

  So your reference would be:

  Surname, Initial. (Year) Title of photograph [Photograph]. Place of publication: Publisher (if available).

  If you haven't shared your photograph anywhere online and it hasn't been published in anyway, then remove that section from the reference e.g. 

  Surname, Initial. (Year) Title of photograph [Photograph].

  There's further guidance on Cite Them Right for how to reference other online images: 

  • Photographs from the Internet (Harvard)
  • Photographs in online collections (Harvard)
  • Instagram (Harvard)

   

  Creative Commons
  You may wish to add a Creative Commons licence to it (usually CC-BY) if your work is going to be made public so that other people know what they can do with it. This is good practice – see Creative Commons for more info.
  
  If your photo is already in the public domain (on the Internet or a social media platform), and you’re just referring to it rather than actually including it, then cite and reference it as if it were any other resource, with yourself as photographer.

  Cite Them RightFigures, illustrations and tablesHow to reference images: Cite Them Right HarvardHow to reference images: OSCOLAHow to reference images: IEEEHow to reference images: APA 7thHow to reference images: ChicagoHow to reference images: VancouverHow to reference images: MHRAHow to reference images: MLAHow to reference images: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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• How do I reference using Microsoft Word?

  Microsoft Word has a referencing tool built into the software. The instructions on how to use this tool are included in the link below. If you need any further information about referencing, including options such as EndNote, please look at our Referencing Guide. 

  Add citations in a Word document

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• Where can I find out what a legal abbreviation stands for?

  If you are working in the Law Library then you can use a copy of Raistrick's 'Index to Legal Citations and Abbreviations' (Raidtrick's Citator). These are available throughout the Law Library (plastic holders located at the end of the shelves).

  If you are working from home then we recommend you use the Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations which is available online. 

   

   

  Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations

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