Dean Biosciences Institute

Jacobson chair of Personalized Medicine
Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award Holder
Honorary Clinical Scientist, North East and North Cumbria NHS Genomics Medicine Centre (2018-2020).

Areas of expertise

• Genomics technology
• Male infertility genetics
• Translational genomics
• Personalised medicine

Major Grants

• Wellcome Trust Investigator Award in Science (2017).

• Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (2016, dr. M. O’Bryan principal applicant).

• VICI grant, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (2015).

• Equipment grant for supercomputer and ICT infrastructure, Province of Gelderland (2014).    

• TOP-grant, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (2012, dr. B. de Vries principal applicant).

• Translational research grant, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (2012).

• ERC starting grant (consolidator category), EU 7^th frame work project (2011).

• NGI Booster grant; Netherlands Consortium for Personalized Genome Diagnostics (2011, prof.dr. E. Cuppen principal applicant).

• GEUVADIS, EU 7^th frame work project (2010, dr. X. Estivill principal applicant).

• NWO equipment grant (2008)

• TECHGENE, EU 7^th frame work project (2008, dr. H. Scheffer principal applicant).

• AnEUploidy, EU 6^th frame work project (2006, prof. S. Antonarakis principal applicant)

• VIDI grant, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (2005)
  
  

   Prizes:

• Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award (2017)

• King Faisal International Prize for Medicine (co-winner with Han Brunner, 2016).

• Pearl project award, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (2013).

• Radboud Science Award, Radboud University Nijmegen (together with Han Brunner, 2011).

• “Isabella Oberlé Award”, European Human Genetics Conference, Birmingham, United Kingdom (2003).

• Award for best oral presentation, 7th European Workshop on Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics of Human Solid Tumours, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (2000).

International activities

• Member Wellcome Trust Genetics, Genomics and Population Research Expert Review Group (2018).

• Member Scientific Advisory Board of NorSeq, national research infrastructure for sequencing in Norway (2017).

• Scientific Advisory Board, genomics programme, UK Epilepsy Society (2017).

• Member evaluation panel France Genomic Medicine Plan 2025 (2017).

• International advisory committee, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, National Institute for Mental Health PGC3 grant (2016-2018).

• Committee member, NHS rare disease transition working group (2017).

• Founder, International Male Infertility Genomics Consortium, together with dr. O’Bryan, dr. McLachlan, dr. Conrad and dr. Aston (2016).

• Member Horizon 2020 ERC Starting Grants, life sciences panel (2014, 2016).

• Member Scientific Evaluation Committee of the E-Rare joint transnational call 2015 (2015).

• Chair (2016-present) and Member (2011-2015) of the Scientific Program Committee for the annual meeting of the European Society of Human Genetics.

• Director Next Generation Sequencing course, European Society of Human Genetics in partnership with the European School of Genetic Medicine, Bologna, Italy (2011, 2013-2016).

• Chair Research Oversight Committee, Genome Canada project on Personalized Medicine and Genomics project in Epilepsy, by prof. Cossette (2013-present).

• Member Annual Review Committee, Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, New York, USA (2014).

• Member review committee, research council health, Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland (2014,2015).

• Faculty member "Medical Genetics course", European School of Genetic Medicine, Bologna, Italy (2005, 2010-2015).

• Member International Review Committee, Institute Imagine, Necker Hospital, Paris, France (2013).

• Member College of Reviewers, Genome Canada's 2012 large-scale applied research project competition in genomics and personalized health ($135M), Canada (2012).

• Member Scientific Council of CAGI (Critical Assessment of Genome Interpretation), (2011-present).

• Member Scientific Steering Committee GEUVADIS, a European Initiative for Medical Genome Sequencing (2008-2014).

• Member review committee National French Call for Research on Rare Diseases (2007).

• Member International Science Review Committee, Genome Canada, Canada (2006).

• Member scientific committee Marie-Curie conference course on array CGH and molecular cytogenetics (2004-2006).

• Reviewer for the Wellcome Trust, the National Health Services, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Genome Canada, French National Research Agency, Health Research Council New Zealand as well as for many international scientific journals (2003-present).

Editorial boards

• Member editorial board “Genes”, Europe PMC open access journal (2018).

• Member editorial board “OBM Genetics”, Open BioMedical Publishing, open access journal (2017-now).

• Member editorial board “Clinical Genetics”, John Wiley and Sons (2016-now).

• Guest editor, special issue of “Genome Medicine” entitled “Diagnostic genomics”, together with prof. J. Lupski (2015).

• Associate editor "American Journal of Human Genetics", Cell Press (2015-2017).

• Member editorial board "Genome Medicine", BioMed Central open access journal (2013-now),

• Member editorial board "Medical Genetics and Genome Medicine", John Wiley and Sons, open access journal (2012-now).

How is it possible that severe early-onset disorders are mostly genetic in origin, even though the disorders are not inherited because of their effect on fitness? Our research using state-of-the-art genomics approaches in patient-parent trios have recently indicated that most of these disorders are caused by de novo germline mutations, arising mostly in the paternal lineage.   

My research has contributed significantly to the understanding of mutational mechanisms underlying severe genetic disorders and to the implementation of genomics approaches in medicine. Early on in my career, my research using genomic microarrays enhanced our understanding of structural genomic variation and its role in intellectual disability and rare syndromes. Following this success we were the first in the world to implement genomic microarrays in diagnostics. More recently, our research using both exome and genome sequencing has provided strong experimental evidence for a de novo paradigm in severe early-onset disorders. We could show that de novo germline mutations, detected by comparing exomes or genomes of patients to that of their unaffected parents, are the major cause of severe intellectual disability. Trio-based genome sequencing in patients and their parents allowed us to start understanding mutational processes and establish links between the occurrence and frequency of these mutations and risk factors. Most notably, work by others and us has clearly demonstrated that advanced paternal age is a risk factor for severe genetic disorders in the offspring.

Since our first publication on the detection of de novo mutations in intellectual disability in 2010, I have focused my research on further understanding the frequency, generation, risk factors and role of these de novo mutations in genetic disease. Specifically, my group and I have moved from studying de novo mutations in the coding region to studying the entire genome. This has provided insight into the presence and role of the different types of de novo mutations in the genome of patients with intellectual disability, from single point mutations to structural rearrangements. Also, we obtained insight into the paternal origin of de novo germline mutations and identified parent-of-origin-specific mutation signatures becoming more pronounced with increased parental age, pointing to different mutational mechanisms in spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Furthermore, we optimized and applied highly sensitive single molecule Molecular Inversion Probe (smMIP) technology to distinguish germline from somatic de novo mutations. This allowed us to demonstrate that an important fraction of de novo mutations presumed to be germline in fact occurred either post-zygotically in the offspring or were inherited from a low-level mosaicism in one of the parents. In the last 3 years I have changed my research focus to studying the role of de novo mutations in male infertility, a severely understudied disorder that cannot be inherited without the use of assisted reproductive technologies. For this I have established local, national and international collaborations, and co-founded the International Male Infertility Genomics Consortium. With funding from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, the Royal Society and the Wellcome Trust I have established my lab in Newcastle and we are now performing large-scale genomics studies in severe male infertility, aiming to identify the underlying causes and improve diagnostics. In addition, we use genomics to study the effect of assisted reproductive technologies on the genomic health of the offspring.

• Oud MS, Volozonoka L, Smits RM, Vissers LELM, Ramos L, Veltman JA. A systematic review and standardized clinical validity assessment of male infertility genes. Human reproduction 2019, 34(5), 932-941.
• Jaeger M, Pinelli M, Borghi M, Constantini C, Dindo M, van Emst L, Puccetti M, Pariano M, Ricaño-Ponce I, Büll C, Gresnigt MS, Wang X, Gutierrez Achury J, Jacobs CWM, Xu N, Oosting M, Arts P, Joosten LAB, van de Veerdonk FL, Veltman JA, Ten Oever J, Kullberg BJ, Feng M, Adema GJ, Wijmenga C, Kumar V, Sobel J, Gilissen C, Romani L, Netea MG. A systems genomics approach identifies SIGLEC15 as a susceptibility factor in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Science Translational Medicine 2019, 11(496).
• Jansen S, van der Werf IM, Innes AM, Afenjar A, Agrawal PB, Anderson IJ, Atwal PS, van Binsbergen E, van den Boogaard M-J, Castiglia L, Coban-Akdemir ZH, van Dijck A, Doummar D, van Eerde AM, van Essen AJ, van Gassen KL, Guillen Sacoto MJ, van Haelst MM, Iossifov I, Jackson JL, Judd E, Kaiwar C, Keren B, Klee EW, Klein Wassink-Ruiter JS, Meuwissen ME, Monaghan KG, de Munnik SA, Nava C, Ockeloen CW, Pettinato R, Racher H, Rinne T, Romano C, Sanders VR, Schnur RE, Smeets EJ, Stegmann APA, Stray-Pedersen A, Sweetser DA, Terhal PA, Tveten K, VanNoy GE, de Vries PF, Waxler JL, Willing M, Pfundt R, Veltman JA, Kooy RF, Vissers LELM, de Vries BBA. De novo variants in FBXO11 cause a syndromic form of intellectual disability with behavioral problems and dysmorphisms. European Journal of Human Genetics 2019, 27(5), 738-746.
• Arts P, Simons A, AlZahrani MS, Yilmaz E, AlIdrissi E, van Aerde KJ, Alenezi N, AlGhamdi HA, AlJubab HA, Al-Hussaini AA, AlManjomi F, Alsaad AB, Al Saleem B, Andijani AA, Asery A, Ballourah W, Bleeker-Rovers CP, van Deuren M, van der Flier M, Gerkes EH, Gilissen C, Habazi MK, Hehir-Kwa JY, Henriet SS, Hoppenreijs EP, Hortillosa S, Kerkhofs CH, Keski-Filppula R, Lelieveld SH, Lone K, MacKenzie MA, Mensenkamp A, Moilanen J, Nelen M, ten Oever J, Potjewijd J, van Paassen P, Schuurs-Hoeijmakers JHM, Simon A, Stokowy T, van de Vorst M, Vreeburg M, Wagner A, van Well GTJ, Zafeiropoulou D, Zonneveld-Huijssoon E, Veltman JA, van Zelst-Stams WAG, Faqeih EA, van de Veerdonk FL, Netea MG, Hoischen A. Exome sequencing in routine diagnostics: a generic test for 254 patients with primary immunodeficiencies. Genome Medicine 2019, 11, 38.
• Wiel L, Baakman C, Gilissen D, Veltman JA, Vriend G, Gilissen C. MetaDome: Pathogenicity analysis of genetic variants through aggregation of homologous human protein domains. Human Mutation 2019, Accepted article.
• Lipinski S, Petersen B-S, Barann M, Piecyk A, Tran F, Mayr G, Jentzsch M, Aden K, Stengel ST, Klostermeier UC, Sheth V, Ellinghaus D, Rausch T, Korbel JO, Nothnagel M, Krawczak M, Gilissen C, Veltman JA, Forster M, Forster P, Lee CC, Fritscher-Ravens A, Schreiber S, Franke A, Rosenstiel P. Missense variants in NOX1 and p22phox in a case of very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease are functionally linked to NOD2. Cold Spring Harbor Molecular Case Studies 2019, 5(1), a002428.
• Nicolas G, Veltman JA. The role of de novo mutations in adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders. Acta Neuropathologica 2019, 137(2), 183-207.
• Jansen S, Hoischen A, Coe BP, Carvill GL, van Esch H, Bosch DGM, Andersen UA, Baker C, Bauters M, Bernier RA, van Bon BW, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL, Gecz J, Gilissen C, Grillo L, Hackett A, Kleefstra T, Koolen D, Kvarnung M, Larsen MJ, Marcelis C, McKenzie F, Monin M-L, Nava C, Schuurs-Hoeijmakers JH, Pfundt R, Steehouwer M, Stevens SJC, Stumpel CT, Vansenne F, Vinci M, van de Vorst M, Vries PD, Witherspoon K, Veltman JA, Brunner HG, Mefford HC, Romano C, Vissers LELM, Eichler EE, de Vries BBA. A genotype-first approach identifies an intellectual disability-overweight syndrome caused by PHIP haploinsufficiency. European Journal of Human Genetics 2018, 26, 54-63.
• Goldmann JM, Seplyarskiy VB, Wong WSW, Vilboux T, Neerincx PD, Bodian DL, Solomon BD, Veltman JA, Deeken JF, Gilissen C, Niederhuber JE. Germline de novo mutation clusters arise during oocyte aging in genomic regions with high double-strand-break incidence. Nature Genetics 2018, 50(4), 487-492.
• Goldmann JM, Seplyarskiy VB, Wong WSW, Vilboux T, Neerincx PB, Bodian DL, Solomon BD, Veltman JA, Deeken JF, Gilissen C, Niederhuber JE. Germline de Novo Mutation Clusters Arise during Oocyte Aging in Genomic Regions with High Double-Strand-Break Incidence. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 2018, 73(9), 531-532.
• Friederich MW, Timal S, Powell CA, Dallabona C, Kurolap A, Palacios-Zambrano S, Bratkovic D, Derks TGJ, Bick D, Bouman K, Chatfield KC, Damouny-Naoum N, Dishop MK, Falik-Zaccai TC, Fares F, Fedida A, Ferrero I, Gallagher RC, Garesse R, Gilberti M, González C, Gowan K, Habib C, Halligan RK, Kalfon L, Knight K, Lefeber D, Mamblona L, Mandel H, Mory A, Ottoson J, Paperna T, Pruijn GJM, Rebelo-Guiomar PFR, Saada A, Sainz Jr B, Alvemini H, Schoots MH, Smeitink JA, Szukszto MJ, ter Horst HJ, van den Brandt F, van Spronsen FJ, Veltman JA, Wartchow E, Wintjes LT, Zohar Y, Fernández-Moreno MA, Baris HN, Donnini C, Minczuk M, Rodenburg RJ, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in glutamyl-tRNA^Gln amidotransferase subunits cause a lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy disorder. Nature Communications 2018, 9, 4065.
• Vissers LELM, van Nimwegen KJM, Schieving JH, Kamsteeg EJ, Kleefstra T, Yntema HG, Pfundt R, van der Wilt GJ, Krabbenborg L, Brunner HG, van der Burg S, Grutters J, Veltman JA, Willemsen MAAP. A clinical utility study of exome sequencing versus conventional genetic testing in pediatric neurology. Genetics in Medicine 2017, 19, 1055-1063.
• Wiel L, Venselaar H, Veltman JA, Vriend G, Gilissen C. Aggregation of population-based genetic variation over protein domain homologues and its potential use in genetic diagnostics. Human Mutation 2017, 38(11), 1454-1463.
• Wortmann SB, Timal S, Venselaar H, Wintjes LT, Kopajtich R, Feichtinger RG, Onnekink C, Muhlmeister M, Brandt U, Smeitink JA, Veltman JA, Sperl W, Lefeber D, Pruijn G, Stojanovic V, Freisinger P, v Spronsen F, Derks TGJ, Veenstra-Knol HE, Mayr JA, Rotig A, Tarnopolsky M, Prokisch H, Rodenburg RJ. Biallelic variants in WARS2 encoding mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthase in six individuals with mitochondrial encephalopathy. Human Mutation 2017, 38(12), 1786-1795.
• Nicolas G, Charbonnier C, Campion D, Veltman JA. Estimation of minimal disease prevalence from population genomic data: Application to primary familial brain calcification. American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2017, 177(1), 68-74.
• Acuna-Hidalgo R, Deriziotis P, Steehouwer M, Gilissen C, Graham SA, van Dam S, Hoover-Fong J, Telegrafi AB, Destree A, Smigiel R, Lambie LA, Kayserili H, Altunoglu U, Lapi E, Uzielli ML, Aracena M, Nur BG, Mihci E, Moreira LMA, Borges Ferreira V, Horovitz DDG, da Rocha KM, Jezela-Stanek A, Brooks AS, Reutter H, Cohen JS, Fatemi A, Smitka M, Grebe TA, Di Donato N, Deshpande C, Vandersteen A, Marques Lourenco C, Dufke A, Rossier E, Andre G, Baumer A, Spencer C, McGaughran J, Franke L, Veltman JA, De Vries BBA, Schinzel A, Fisher SE, Hoischen A, van Bon BW. Overlapping SETBP1 gain-of-function mutations in Schinzel-Giedion syndrome and hematologic malignancies. PLoS Genetics 2017, 13(3), e1006683.
• Lelieveld SH, Wiel L, Venselaar H, Pfundt R, Vriend G, Veltman JA, Brunner HG, Vissers LELM, Gilissen C. Spatial Clustering of de Novo Missense Mutations Identifies Candidate Neurodevelopmental Disorder-Associated Genes. American Journal of Human Genetics 2017, 101(3), 478-484.
• Acuna-Hidalgo R, Sengul H, Steehouwer M, van de Vorst M, Vermeulen SH, Kiemeney LALM, Veltman JA, Gilissen C, Hoischen A. Ultra-sensitive Sequencing Identifies High Prevalence of Clonal Hematopoiesis-Associated Mutations throughout Adult Life. American Journal of Human Genetics 2017, 101(1), 50-64.
• Oud MS, Ramos L, O'Bryan MK, Mclachlan RI, Okutman O, Viville S, de Vries PF, Smeets DF, Lugtenberg D, Hehir-Kwa JY, Gilissen C, van de Vorst M, Vissers LE, Hoischen A, Meijerink AM, Fleischer K, Veltman JA, Noordam MJ. Validation and application of a novel integrated genetic screening method to a cohort of 1,112 men with idiopathic azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia. Human Mutation 2017, 38(11), 1592-1605.
• Jansen EJ, Timal S, Ryan M, Ashikov A, van Scherpenzeel M, Graham LA, Mandel H, Hoischen A, Iancu TC, Raymond K, Steenbergen G, Gilissen C, Huijben K, van Bakel NH, Maeda Y, Rodenburg RJ, Adamowicz M, Crushell E, Koenen H, Adams D, Vodopiutz J, Greber-Platzer S, Müller T, Dueckers G, Morava E, Sykut-Cegielska J, Martens GJ, Wevers RA, Niehues T, Huynen MA, Veltman JA, Stevens TH, Lefeber DJ. ATP6AP1 deficiency causes an immunodeficiency with hepatopathy, cognitive impairment and abnormal protein glycosylation. Nature Communications 2016, 7, 11600.
• Vissers LE, Gilissen C, Veltman JA. Genetic studies in intellectual disability and related disorders. Nature Reviews Genetics 2016, 17, 9-18.
• Lelieveld SH, Reijnders MR, Pfundt R, Yntema HG, Kamsteeg EJ, de Vries P, de Vries BB, Willemsen MH, Kleefstra T, Löhner K, Vreeburg M, Stevens SJ, van der Burgt I, Bongers EM, Stegmann AP, Rump P, Rinne T, Nelen MR, Veltman JA, Vissers LE, Brunner HG, Gilissen C. Meta-analysis of 2,104 trios provides support for 10 new genes for intellectual disability. Nature Neuroscience 2016, 19, 1194-1196.
• Acuna-Hidalgo R, Veltman JA, Hoischen A. New insights into the generation and role of de novo mutations in health and disease. Genome Biology 2016, 17, 241.
• Goldmann JM, Wong WS, Pinelli M, Farrah T, Bodian D, Stittrich AB, Glusman G, Vissers LE, Hoischen A, Roach JC, Vockley JG, Veltman JA, Solomon BD, Gilissen C, Niederhuber JE. Parent-of-origin-specific signatures of de novo mutations. Nature Genetics 2016, 48, 935-939.
• Jansen JC, Timal S, van Scherpenzeel M, Michelakakis H, Vicogne D, Ashikov A, Moraitou M, Hoischen A, Huijben K, Steenbergen G, van den Boogert MA, Porta F, Calvo PL, Mavrikou M, Cenacchi G, van den Bogaart G, Salomon J, Holleboom AG, Rodenburg RJ, Drenth JP, Huynen MA, Wevers RA, Morava E, Foulquier F, Veltman JA, Lefeber DJ. TMEM199 Deficiency Is a Disorder of Golgi Homeostasis Characterized by Elevated Aminotransferases, Alkaline Phosphatase, and Cholesterol and Abnormal Glycosylation. American Journal of Human Genetics 2016, 98, 322-330.
• Acuna-Hidalgo R, Bo T, Kwint MP, van de Vorst M, Pinelli M, Veltman JA, Hoischen A, Vissers LE, Gilissen C. Post-zygotic Point Mutations Are an Underrecognized Source of De Novo Genomic Variation. American Journal of Human Genetics 2015, 97, 67-74.
• Gilissen C, Hehir-Kwa JY, Thung DT, van de Vorst M, van Bon BW, Willemsen MH, Kwint M, Janssen IM, Hoischen A, Schenck A, Leach R, Klein R, Tearle R, Bo T, Pfundt R, Yntema HG, de Vries BB, Kleefstra T, Brunner HG, Vissers LE, Veltman JA. Genome sequencing identifies major causes of severe intellectual disability. Nature 2014, 511, 344-347.
• Thung D, de Ligt J, Vissers L, Steehouwer M, Kroon M, de Vries P, Slagboom EP, Ye K, Veltman JA, Hehir-Kwa JY. Mobster: accurate detection of mobile element insertions in next generation sequencing data. Genome Biology 2014, 15, 488.
• Smeekens SP, Plantinga TS, van de Veerdonk FL, Heinhuis B, Hoischen A, Joosten LAB, Arkwright PD, Gennery A, Kullberg BJ, Veltman JA, Lilic D, van der Meer JWM, Netea MG. STAT1 hyperphosphorylation and defective IL12R/IL23R signaling underlie defective immunity in autosomal dominant Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis. PLoS One 2011, 6(12), e29248.
• van de Veerdonk FL, Plantinga TA, Hoischen A, Smeekens SP, Joosten LAB, Gilissen C, Arts P, Rosentul DC, Carmichael AJ, van der Graaf CAA, Kullberg BJ, van der Meer JWM, Lilic D, Veltman JA, Netea MG. STAT1 Mutations in Autosomal Dominant Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis. New England Journal of Medicine 2011, 365, 54-61.
• Hoischen A, van Bon BWM, Rodriguez-Santiago B, Gilissen C, Vissers LELM, de Vries P, Janssen I, van Lier B, Hastings R, Smithson SF, Newbury-Ecob R, Kjaergaard S, Goodship J, McGowan R, Bartholdi D, Rauch A, Peippo M, Cobben JM, Wieczorek D, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Veltman JA, Brunner HG, de Vries BBBA. De novo nonsense mutations in ASXL1 cause Bohring-Opitz syndrome. NATURE GENETICS 2011, 43(8), 729-731.
• Hoischen A, Van Bon B, Gilissen C, Arts P, Van Lier B, Steehouwer M, De Vries P, De Reuver R, Wieskamp N, Mortier G, Devriendt K, Amorim M, Revencu N, Kidd A, Barbosa M, Turner A, Smith J, Oley C, Henderson A, Hayes I, Thompson E, Brunner H, De Vries B, Veltman J. De novo mutations of SETBP1 cause Schinzel-Giedion syndrome. Nature Genetics 2010, 42(6), 483-485.
• Vermeer S, Hoischen A, Meijer RPP, Gilissen C, Neveling K, Wieskamp N, de Brouwer A, Koenig M, Anheim M, Assoum M, Drouot N, Todorovic S, Milic-Rasic V, Lochmuller H, Stevanin G, Goizet C, David A, Durr A, Brice A, Kremer B, van de Warrenburg BPC, Schijvenaars MMVAP, Heister A, Kwint M, Arts P, van der Wijst J, Veltman J, Kamsteeg EJ, Scheffer H, Knoers N. Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing of a 12.5 Mb Homozygous Region Reveals ANO10 Mutations in Patients with Autosomal-Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia. American Journal of Human Genetics 2010, 87(6), 813-819.
• Lugtenberg D, de Brouwer APM, Kleefstra T, Oudakker AR, Frints SGM, Schrander-Stumpel CTRM, Fryns JP, Jensen LR, Chelly J, Moraine C, Turner G, Veltman JA, Hamel BCJ, de Vries BBA, van Bokhoven H, Yntema HG. Chromosomal copy number changes in patients with non-syndromic X linked mental retardation detected by array CGH. Journal of Medical Genetics 2006, 43(4), 362-370.